A recent update of pharmacogenomics in drug-induced severe skin reactions.
Journal Article (Review)
In some adverse drug reactions (ADRs), genetic predisposition plays a significant role in pathogenesis, and the skin is the most frequently reported target. These severe cutaneous ADRs include bullous fixed drug eruptions (FDE), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). The putative contribution of individual effector cells in drug hypersensitivity is briefly mentioned. To trigger these drug hypersensitivities, certain class I HLA alleles (e.g., HLA-A and HLA-B alleles) and certain class II HLA alleles (e.g., HLA-DR alleles) have been recently found to be the genetic determinants. One of the best characterized examples mentioned in this article is HLA-B*1502 to determine the incidence of carbamazepine-induced SJS. How drugs are processed and presented by these HLA alleles to activate immune responses has been explained by several hypotheses. Further implication of pharmagenomic findings to prevent drug-induced severe skin reactions can be achieved by pre-screening putative risk HLA alleles before using drugs.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Wei, C-Y; Ko, T-M; Shen, C-Y; Chen, Y-T
Published Date
- January 2012
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 27 / 1
Start / End Page
- 132 - 141
PubMed ID
- 22041139
Pubmed Central ID
- 22041139
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1880-0920
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 1347-4367
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-11-rv-116
Language
- eng