Design of an ultraclean computer-controlled freeze dryer for biological specimens

A system is described that (1) automatically warms the sample through a programmable curve that minimizes elemental shifts due to devitrification and crystal growth; (2) reduces sample contamination by using a clean turbopumped system and providing a vapor condenser that prevents molecules from absorbing onto the sample; and (3) minimizes contamination and rehydration during transfers between instruments by carbon coating. Using these features in conjunction with a residual gas analyzer, one can perform extensive studies of the effects of freeze drying for various time/temperature profiles on an array of biological specimens.

Duke Scholars

Author Ann LeFurgey Cell Biology