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Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Yang, Y; Lisberger, SG
Published in: J Neurophysiol
November 2010

We commonly think of motor learning as a gradual process that makes small, adaptive steps in a consistent direction. We now report evidence that learning in pursuit eye movements could start with large, transient short-term alterations that stoke a more gradual long-term process. Monkeys tracked a target that started moving horizontally or vertically. After 250 ms of motion had produced a preinstruction eye velocity close to target velocity, an orthogonal component of target motion created an instructive change in target direction that was randomly in one of the two directions along the orthogonal axis. The preinstruction eye velocity in each trial expressed single-trial learning as a bias toward the direction of the instruction in the prior trial. The single-trial learning was forgotten within 4 to 10 s. Two observations implied that single-trial learning was not simply cognitive anticipation. First, the magnitude of the trial-over-trial change in eye velocity depended on the ongoing eye velocity at the time of the instruction in the prior trial. Single-trial learning was negligible if the prior trial had provided a well-timed cue without evoking any preinstruction eye velocity. Second, regular alternation of the direction of the instructive target motion caused reactive rather than anticipatory trial-over-trial changes in eye velocity. Humans showed very different responses that appeared to be based on cognitive anticipation rather than learning. We suggest that single-trial learning results from a low-level learning mechanism and may be a necessary prerequisite for longer-term modifications that are more permanent.

Duke Scholars

Published In

J Neurophysiol

DOI

EISSN

1522-1598

Publication Date

November 2010

Volume

104

Issue

5

Start / End Page

2850 / 2862

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Reaction Time
  • Pursuit, Smooth
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Motion Perception
  • Models, Neurological
  • Male
  • Macaca mulatta
  • Learning
  • Humans
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Yang, Y., & Lisberger, S. G. (2010). Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements. J Neurophysiol, 104(5), 2850–2862. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00761.2010
Yang, Yan, and Stephen G. Lisberger. “Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements.J Neurophysiol 104, no. 5 (November 2010): 2850–62. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00761.2010.
Yang Y, Lisberger SG. Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Nov;104(5):2850–62.
Yang, Yan, and Stephen G. Lisberger. “Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements.J Neurophysiol, vol. 104, no. 5, Nov. 2010, pp. 2850–62. Pubmed, doi:10.1152/jn.00761.2010.
Yang Y, Lisberger SG. Learning on multiple timescales in smooth pursuit eye movements. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Nov;104(5):2850–2862.

Published In

J Neurophysiol

DOI

EISSN

1522-1598

Publication Date

November 2010

Volume

104

Issue

5

Start / End Page

2850 / 2862

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Reaction Time
  • Pursuit, Smooth
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Motion Perception
  • Models, Neurological
  • Male
  • Macaca mulatta
  • Learning
  • Humans