Passive immunization of newborn rhesus macaques prevents oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
To determine if passively acquired antiviral antibodies modulate virus transmission and disease progression in human pediatric AIDS, the potential of pre- and postexposure passive immunization with hyperimmune serum to prevent oral simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection or disease progression in newborn rhesus macaques was tested. Untreated neonates became infected after oral SIV inoculation and had high viremia, and most animals developed fatal AIDS within 3 months. In contrast, SIV hyperimmune serum given subcutaneously prior to oral SIV inoculation protected 6 newborns against infection. When this SIV hyperimmune serum was given to 3 newborns 3 weeks after oral SIV inoculation, viremia was not reduced, and all 3 infants died within 3 months of age due to AIDS and immune-complex disease. These results suggest that passively acquired antihuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) IgG may decrease perinatal HIV transmission. However, anti-HIV IgG may not impart therapeutic benefit to infants with established HIV infection.
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Related Subject Headings
- Viremia
- Simian immunodeficiency virus
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Microbiology
- Macaca mulatta
- Kidney
- Immunoglobulin G
- Immunoglobulin A
- Immunization, Passive
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Viremia
- Simian immunodeficiency virus
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Microbiology
- Macaca mulatta
- Kidney
- Immunoglobulin G
- Immunoglobulin A
- Immunization, Passive