The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of 103 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis was studied for prediction of 1-year survival and hospital days in the context of other predictors. Higher HRQOL physical functioning, higher provider-reported functional performance, fewer private religious activities, living with family, black race, and having a diagnosis of hypertension predicted survival. Lower HRQOL energy, higher pain, and not living with family predicted more hospital days. Patients living with family reported more social support and better HRQOL general health, emotional well-being, social health, and quality of social interactions than other patients.