Photoacclimation and photoinhibition in Ulva rotundata as influenced by nitrogen availability

Clonal tissue of the marine chlorophyte macroalga, Ulva rotundata Blid., was transferred from 100 to 1700 μmol photons · m-2 · s-1 under limiting (1.5 μM NH4+maximum, N/P=2) and sufficient (15 μM NH4+maximum, N/P=20) nitrogen supply at 18° C and 11 h light-13 h darkness daily. Photoinhibition was assayed by light-response curves (photosynthetic O2 exchange), and chlorophyll fluorescence at 77 K and room temperature. Daily surface-area growth rate (μSA) in N-sufficient plants increased sixfold over 3 d and was sustained at that level. During this period, respiration (Rd) doubled and light-saturated net photosynthesis capacity (Pm) increased by nearly 50%, indicating acclimation to high light. Quantum yield (φ{symbol}) decreased by 25% on the first day, but recovered completely within one week. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) also decreased markedly on the first day, because of an increase in initial fluorescence (Fo) and a decrease in Fm, and partially recovered over several days. Under the added stress of N deficiency, μSA accelerated fivefold over 4 d, despite chronic photoinhibition, then declined along with tissue-N. Respiration doubled, but Pm decreased by 50% over one week, indicating inability to acclimate to high light. Both φ{symbol} and Fv/Fm decreased markedly on the first day and did not significantly recover. Changes in Fo, Fm and xanthophyll-cycle components indicate concurrent photodamage to photosystem II (PSII) and photoprotection by thermal deexcitation in the antenna pigments. Increasing μSA coincided with photoinhibition of PSII. Insufficient diel-carbon balance because of elevated Rd and declining Pm and tissue-N, rather than photochemical damage per se, was the apparent proximate cause of decelerating growth rate and subsequent tissue degeneration under N deficiency in U. rotundata. © 1991 Springer-Verlag.

Duke Scholars

Author Joseph S. Ramus Marine Science and Conservation