A re-evaluation of the diet/heart disease hypothesis is occurring, and the link between dietary fat and heart disease is not as conclusive as once was thought. A re-evaluation of assessment of cardiometabolic risk is also occurring - from serum low density lipoprotein to serum triacylglycerol and high density lipoprotein. As the focus of cardiometabolic risk changes, the emphasis will change from dietary fat restriction (which lowers low density lipoprotein) to dietary carbohydrate restriction (which lowers triacylglycerol and raises high density lipoprotein). If these re-evaluations continue to de-emphasize dietary fat restriction, then products to support low-carbohydrate, high-fat lifestyles could rise in importance. © 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.