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Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Smith, LE; Nagar, S; Kim, GJ; Morgan, WF
Published in: Health Phys
July 2003

Genomic instability is a term used to describe a phenomenon that results in the accumulation of multiple changes required to convert a stable genome of a normal cell to an unstable genome characteristic of a tumor. There has been considerable recent debate concerning the importance of genomic instability in human cancer and its temporal occurrence in the carcinogenic process. Radiation is capable of inducing genomic instability in mammalian cells and instability is thought to be the driving force responsible for radiation carcinogenesis. Genomic instability is characterized by a large collection of diverse endpoints that include large-scale chromosomal rearrangements and aberrations, amplification of genetic material, aneuploidy, micronucleus formation, microsatellite instability, and gene mutation. The capacity of radiation to induce genomic instability depends to a large extent on radiation quality or linear energy transfer (LET) and dose. There appears to be a low dose threshold effect with low LET, beyond which no additional genomic instability is induced. Low doses of both high and low LET radiation are capable of inducing this phenomenon. This report reviews data concerning dose rate effects of high and low LET radiation and their capacity to induce genomic instability assayed by chromosomal aberrations, delayed lethal mutations, micronuclei and apoptosis.

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Published In

Health Phys

DOI

ISSN

0017-9078

Publication Date

July 2003

Volume

85

Issue

1

Start / End Page

23 / 29

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
  • Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
  • Mutation
  • Mice
  • Linear Energy Transfer
  • Humans
  • Genome
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • DNA Damage
 

Citation

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Smith, L. E., Nagar, S., Kim, G. J., & Morgan, W. F. (2003). Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response. Health Phys, 85(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-200307000-00006
Smith, Leslie E., Shruti Nagar, Grace J. Kim, and William F. Morgan. “Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response.Health Phys 85, no. 1 (July 2003): 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-200307000-00006.
Smith LE, Nagar S, Kim GJ, Morgan WF. Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response. Health Phys. 2003 Jul;85(1):23–9.
Smith, Leslie E., et al. “Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response.Health Phys, vol. 85, no. 1, July 2003, pp. 23–29. Pubmed, doi:10.1097/00004032-200307000-00006.
Smith LE, Nagar S, Kim GJ, Morgan WF. Radiation-induced genomic instability: radiation quality and dose response. Health Phys. 2003 Jul;85(1):23–29.

Published In

Health Phys

DOI

ISSN

0017-9078

Publication Date

July 2003

Volume

85

Issue

1

Start / End Page

23 / 29

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
  • Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
  • Mutation
  • Mice
  • Linear Energy Transfer
  • Humans
  • Genome
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • DNA Damage