Skip to main content
Journal cover image

Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Johnson, CM; Wei, C; Ensor, JE; Smolenski, DJ; Amos, CI; Levin, B; Berry, DA
Published in: Cancer causes & control : CCC
June 2013

Demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors have been associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We reviewed the published evidence and explored associations between risk factors and CRC incidence.We identified 12 established non-screening CRC risk factors and performed a comprehensive review and meta-analyses to quantify each factor's impact on CRC risk. We used random-effects models of the logarithms of risks across studies: inverse-variance weighted averages for dichotomous factors and generalized least squares for dose-response for multi-level factors.Significant risk factors include inflammatory bowel disease (RR = 2.93, 95 % CI 1.79-4.81); CRC history in first-degree relative (RR = 1.80, 95 % CI 1.61-2.02); body mass index (BMI) to overall population (RR = 1.10 per 8 kg/m(2) increase, 95 % CI 1.08-1.12); physical activity (RR = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.86-0.91 for 2 standard deviations increased physical activity score); cigarette smoking (RR = 1.06, 95 % CI 1.03-1.08 for 5 pack-years); and consumption of red meat (RR = 1.13, 95 % CI 1.09-1.16 for 5 servings/week), fruit (RR = 0.85, 95 % CI 0.75-0.96 for 3 servings/day), and vegetables (RR = 0.86, 95 % CI 0.78-0.94 for 5 servings/day).We developed a comprehensive risk modeling strategy that incorporates multiple effects to predict an individual's risk of developing CRC. Inflammatory bowel disease and history of CRC in first-degree relatives are associated with much higher risk of CRC. Increased BMI, red meat intake, cigarette smoking, low physical activity, low vegetable consumption, and low fruit consumption were associated with moderately increased risk of CRC.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Cancer causes & control : CCC

DOI

EISSN

1573-7225

ISSN

0957-5243

Publication Date

June 2013

Volume

24

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1207 / 1222

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Risk Factors
  • Motor Activity
  • Meat
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
  • Humans
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy
  • Fruit
  • Epidemiology
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Johnson, C. M., Wei, C., Ensor, J. E., Smolenski, D. J., Amos, C. I., Levin, B., & Berry, D. A. (2013). Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer Causes & Control : CCC, 24(6), 1207–1222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0201-5
Johnson, Constance M., Caimiao Wei, Joe E. Ensor, Derek J. Smolenski, Christopher I. Amos, Bernard Levin, and Donald A. Berry. “Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors.Cancer Causes & Control : CCC 24, no. 6 (June 2013): 1207–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0201-5.
Johnson CM, Wei C, Ensor JE, Smolenski DJ, Amos CI, Levin B, et al. Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer causes & control : CCC. 2013 Jun;24(6):1207–22.
Johnson, Constance M., et al. “Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors.Cancer Causes & Control : CCC, vol. 24, no. 6, June 2013, pp. 1207–22. Epmc, doi:10.1007/s10552-013-0201-5.
Johnson CM, Wei C, Ensor JE, Smolenski DJ, Amos CI, Levin B, Berry DA. Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer causes & control : CCC. 2013 Jun;24(6):1207–1222.
Journal cover image

Published In

Cancer causes & control : CCC

DOI

EISSN

1573-7225

ISSN

0957-5243

Publication Date

June 2013

Volume

24

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1207 / 1222

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Risk Factors
  • Motor Activity
  • Meat
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
  • Humans
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy
  • Fruit
  • Epidemiology