Hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) is commonly associated with symptomatic improvement in response to standard medical therapy, yet there remains a substantial risk of rehospitalization and death. Clinically stable outpatients and decompensated inpatients represent two types of patients with chronic heart failure. In the former, treatment of common heart rhythm disorders with nonpharmacologic electrophysiology-based interventions is of substantial benefit in select patients. The potential benefits of these interventions in the hospitalized setting are not well studied. In this review, current knowledge is discussed and future research directions are suggested with nonpharmacologic electrophysiology-based interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with patients with HHF.