Heart rate: a prognostic factor and therapeutic target in chronic heart failure. The distinct roles of drugs with heart rate-lowering properties.
Heart rate not only predicts outcome but may also be a therapeutic target in patients with chronic heart failure. Several classes of pharmacological agents can be used to modulate heart rate, including beta-blockers, ivabradine, digoxin, amiodarone, and verapamil. Choice of agent will depend on heart rhythm, co-morbidities, and disease phenotype. Beneficial and harmful interactions may also exist. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current body of knowledge regarding the relevance of heart rate as a prognostic factor (risk marker) and particularly as a therapeutic target (risk factor) in patients with chronic heart failure, with a special focus on ivabradine, a novel agent that is currently the only available purely bradycardic agent.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Prognosis
- Humans
- Heart Rate
- Heart Failure
- Cardiovascular System & Hematology
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
- 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
- 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Prognosis
- Humans
- Heart Rate
- Heart Failure
- Cardiovascular System & Hematology
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
- 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
- 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology