Skip to main content

Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Bloomfield, GS; Mwangi, A; Chege, P; Simiyu, CJ; Aswa, DF; Odhiambo, D; Obala, AA; Ayuo, P; Khwa-Otsyula, BO
Published in: Heart
September 2013

OBJECTIVE: To describe the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in western Kenya using a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). DESIGN: Population based survey of residents in an HDSS. SETTING: Webuye Division in Bungoma East District, Western Province of Kenya. PATIENTS: 4037 adults ≥ 18 years of age. INTERVENTIONS: Home based survey using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report of high blood pressure, high blood sugar, tobacco use, alcohol use, physical activity, and fruit/vegetable intake. RESULTS: The median age of the population was 35 years (IQR 26-50). Less than 6% of the population reported high blood pressure or blood sugar. Tobacco and alcohol use were reported in 7% and 16% of the population, respectively. The majority of the population (93%) was physically active. The average number of days per week that participants reported intake of fruits (3.1 ± 0.1) or vegetables (1.6 ± 0.1) was low. In multiple logistic regression analyses, women were more likely to report a history of high blood pressure (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.9), less likely to report using tobacco (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.11), less likely to report alcohol use (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.21) or eat ≥ 5 servings per day of fruits or vegetables (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.99) compared to men. CONCLUSIONS: The most common cardiovascular risk factors in peri-urban western Kenya are tobacco use, alcohol use, and inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables. Our data reveal locally relevant subgroup differences that could inform future prevention efforts.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Heart

DOI

EISSN

1468-201X

Publication Date

September 2013

Volume

99

Issue

18

Start / End Page

1323 / 1329

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • World Health Organization
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Population Surveillance
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models
  • Kenya
  • Humans
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Bloomfield, G. S., Mwangi, A., Chege, P., Simiyu, C. J., Aswa, D. F., Odhiambo, D., … Khwa-Otsyula, B. O. (2013). Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Heart, 99(18), 1323–1329. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303913
Bloomfield, Gerald S., Ann Mwangi, Patrick Chege, Chrispinus J. Simiyu, Daniel F. Aswa, David Odhiambo, Andrew A. Obala, Paul Ayuo, and Barasa O. Khwa-Otsyula. “Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance.Heart 99, no. 18 (September 2013): 1323–29. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303913.
Bloomfield, Gerald S., et al. “Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance.Heart, vol. 99, no. 18, Sept. 2013, pp. 1323–29. Pubmed, doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303913.
Bloomfield GS, Mwangi A, Chege P, Simiyu CJ, Aswa DF, Odhiambo D, Obala AA, Ayuo P, Khwa-Otsyula BO. Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Heart. 2013 Sep;99(18):1323–1329.

Published In

Heart

DOI

EISSN

1468-201X

Publication Date

September 2013

Volume

99

Issue

18

Start / End Page

1323 / 1329

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • World Health Organization
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Population Surveillance
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models
  • Kenya
  • Humans