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Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Xie, L; Sparks, MA; Li, W; Qi, Y; Liu, C; Coffman, TM; Johnson, GA
Published in: NMR Biomed
December 2013

Disruption of the regulatory role of the kidneys leads to diverse renal pathologies; one major hallmark is inflammation and fibrosis. Conventional magnitude MRI has been used to study renal pathologies; however, the quantification or even detection of focal lesions caused by inflammation and fibrosis is challenging. We propose that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) may be particularly sensitive for the identification of inflammation and fibrosis. In this study, we applied QSM in a mouse model deficient for angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1). This model is known for graded pathologies, including focal interstitial fibrosis, cortical inflammation, glomerulocysts and inner medullary hypoplasia. We acquired high-resolution MRI on kidneys from AT1-deficient mice that were perfusion fixed with contrast agent. Two MR sequences were used (three-dimensional spin echo and gradient echo) to produce three image contrasts: T1, T2* (magnitude) and QSM. T1 and T2* (magnitude) images were acquired to segment major renal structures and to provide landmarks for the focal lesions of inflammation and fibrosis in the three-dimensional space. The volumes of major renal structures were measured to determine the relationship of the volumes to the degree of renal abnormalities and magnetic susceptibility values. Focal lesions were segmented from QSM images and were found to be closely associated with the major vessels. Susceptibilities were relatively more paramagnetic in wild-type mice: 1.46 ± 0.36 in the cortex, 2.14 ± 0.94 in the outer medulla and 2.10 ± 2.80 in the inner medulla (10(-2) ppm). Susceptibilities were more diamagnetic in knockout mice: -7.68 ± 4.22 in the cortex, -11.46 ± 2.13 in the outer medulla and -7.57 ± 5.58 in the inner medulla (10(-2) ppm). This result was consistent with the increase in diamagnetic content, e.g. proteins and lipids, associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Focal lesions were validated with conventional histology. QSM was very sensitive in detecting pathology caused by small focal inflammation and fibrosis. QSM offers a new MR contrast mechanism to study this common disease marker in the kidney.

Duke Scholars

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Published In

NMR Biomed

DOI

EISSN

1099-1492

Publication Date

December 2013

Volume

26

Issue

12

Start / End Page

1853 / 1863

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
  • Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Kidney Cortex
  • Kidney
  • Inflammation
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Fibrosis
 

Citation

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Xie, L., Sparks, M. A., Li, W., Qi, Y., Liu, C., Coffman, T. M., & Johnson, G. A. (2013). Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice. NMR Biomed, 26(12), 1853–1863. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.3039
Xie, Luke, Matthew A. Sparks, Wei Li, Yi Qi, Chunlei Liu, Thomas M. Coffman, and G Allan Johnson. “Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice.NMR Biomed 26, no. 12 (December 2013): 1853–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.3039.
Xie L, Sparks MA, Li W, Qi Y, Liu C, Coffman TM, et al. Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice. NMR Biomed. 2013 Dec;26(12):1853–63.
Xie, Luke, et al. “Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice.NMR Biomed, vol. 26, no. 12, Dec. 2013, pp. 1853–63. Pubmed, doi:10.1002/nbm.3039.
Xie L, Sparks MA, Li W, Qi Y, Liu C, Coffman TM, Johnson GA. Quantitative susceptibility mapping of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in type 1 angiotensin receptor-deficient mice. NMR Biomed. 2013 Dec;26(12):1853–1863.
Journal cover image

Published In

NMR Biomed

DOI

EISSN

1099-1492

Publication Date

December 2013

Volume

26

Issue

12

Start / End Page

1853 / 1863

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
  • Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Kidney Cortex
  • Kidney
  • Inflammation
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Fibrosis