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Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sánchez, CL; Van Swearingen, AED; Arrant, AE; Kuhn, CM; Zepf, FD
Published in: J Neural Transm (Vienna)
February 2014

Amino acid (AA) depletion techniques have been used to decrease serotonin (5-HT) and/or dopamine (DA) synthesis after administration of a tryptophan (acute tryptophan depletion, ATD) or phenylalanine/tyrosine-free (phenylalanine-tyrosine depletion, PTD) AA formula and are useful as neurochemical challenge procedures to study the impact of DA and 5-HT in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. We recently demonstrated that the refined Moja-De ATD paradigm decreases brain 5-HT synthesis in humans and mice and lowers brain 5-HT turnover. In the present study we validated the neurochemical effects of three developed AA formulas on brain 5-HT and DA function in mice. To distinguish the direct and indirect effects of such mixtures on 5-HT and DA and to determine whether additive depletion of both could be obtained simultaneously, we compared the effects of ATD for 5-HT, PTD for DA, and a combined monoamine depletion mixture (CMD) compared to a control condition consisting of a balanced amino acid mixture. Food-deprived male C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with AA mixtures. Serum and brain samples were collected and analyzed for determination of tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr), 5-HT, 5-HIAA, DA, DOPAC and HVA levels. ATD was the most effective at decreasing Trp, 5-HT and 5-HIAA. In contrast, PTD reduced Tyr globally but HVA only in certain brain regions. Although CMD affected both 5-HT and DA synthesis, it was less effective when compared with ATD or PTD alone. The present results demonstrate that two newly developed PTD and CMD formulas differentially impact brain 5-HT and DA synthesis relative to 5-HT-specific ATD Moja-De. Different effects on 5-HT and DA function by these mixtures suggest that the exact composition may be a critical determinant for effectiveness with respect to the administered challenge procedure.

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Published In

J Neural Transm (Vienna)

DOI

EISSN

1435-1463

Publication Date

February 2014

Volume

121

Issue

2

Start / End Page

153 / 162

Location

Austria

Related Subject Headings

  • Tyrosine
  • Tryptophan
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Serotonin
  • Phenylalanine
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice
  • Male
  • Homovanillic Acid
 

Citation

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Sánchez, C. L., Van Swearingen, A. E. D., Arrant, A. E., Kuhn, C. M., & Zepf, F. D. (2014). Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures. J Neural Transm (Vienna), 121(2), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-013-1083-0
Sánchez, Cristina L., Amanda E. D. Van Swearingen, Andrew E. Arrant, Cynthia M. Kuhn, and Florian D. Zepf. “Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures.J Neural Transm (Vienna) 121, no. 2 (February 2014): 153–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-013-1083-0.
Sánchez CL, Van Swearingen AED, Arrant AE, Kuhn CM, Zepf FD. Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2014 Feb;121(2):153–62.
Sánchez, Cristina L., et al. “Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures.J Neural Transm (Vienna), vol. 121, no. 2, Feb. 2014, pp. 153–62. Pubmed, doi:10.1007/s00702-013-1083-0.
Sánchez CL, Van Swearingen AED, Arrant AE, Kuhn CM, Zepf FD. Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2014 Feb;121(2):153–162.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Neural Transm (Vienna)

DOI

EISSN

1435-1463

Publication Date

February 2014

Volume

121

Issue

2

Start / End Page

153 / 162

Location

Austria

Related Subject Headings

  • Tyrosine
  • Tryptophan
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Serotonin
  • Phenylalanine
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice
  • Male
  • Homovanillic Acid