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Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Camacho-Rivera, M; Kawachi, I; Bennett, GG; Subramanian, SV
Published in: Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
August 2014

Although racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and neighborhood factors have been linked to asthma, and the association between indoor allergens and asthma is well documented, few studies have examined the relationship between these factors and indoor allergens. We examined the frequency of reported indoor allergens and differences by racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and neighborhood characteristics among a diverse sample of Los Angeles households. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the data from 723 households from wave 2 of the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey. The reported presence of rats, mice, cockroaches, mold, pets, and tobacco smoke were the primary outcomes of interest. Hispanic and Asian households had a nearly threefold increase in the odds of reporting cockroaches compared to non-Hispanic Whites (OR, 2.85; 95 % CI 1.38-5.88 and OR, 2.62; 95 % CI 1.02-6.73, respectively) even after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. Primary caregivers who had obtained a high school degree were significantly less likely to report the presence of mice and cockroaches compared to primary caregivers with less than a high school degree (OR, 0.19; 95 % CI 0.08-0.46 and OR, 0.39; 95 % CI 0.23-0.68, respectively). Primary caregivers with more than a high school degree were also less likely to report the presence of rats, mice, and cockroaches within their households, compared to those with less than a high school degree. Compared to renters, home owners were less likely to report the presence of mice, cockroaches, and mold within their households. At the neighborhood level, households located within neighborhoods of high concentrated poverty (where the average poverty rate is at least 50 %) were more likely to report the presence of mice and cockroaches compared to households in low concentrated poverty neighborhoods (average poverty rate is 10 % or less), after adjusting for individual race/ethnicity and socioeconomic characteristics. Our study found evidence in support of neighborhood-level racial/ethnic and socioeconomic influences on indoor allergen exposure, above and beyond individual factors. Future studies should continue to explore individual and neighborhood-level racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in household allergen exposures across diverse contexts.

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Published In

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

DOI

EISSN

1468-2869

ISSN

1099-3460

Publication Date

August 2014

Volume

91

Issue

4

Start / End Page

661 / 676

Related Subject Headings

  • Urban Population
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Rats
  • Racial Groups
  • Public Health
  • Poverty
  • Pets
  • Odds Ratio
  • Models, Theoretical
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Camacho-Rivera, M., Kawachi, I., Bennett, G. G., & Subramanian, S. V. (2014). Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 91(4), 661–676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9872-9
Camacho-Rivera, Marlene, Ichiro Kawachi, Gary G. Bennett, and S. V. Subramanian. “Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008.Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 91, no. 4 (August 2014): 661–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9872-9.
Camacho-Rivera M, Kawachi I, Bennett GG, Subramanian SV. Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 2014 Aug;91(4):661–76.
Camacho-Rivera, Marlene, et al. “Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008.Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, vol. 91, no. 4, Aug. 2014, pp. 661–76. Epmc, doi:10.1007/s11524-014-9872-9.
Camacho-Rivera M, Kawachi I, Bennett GG, Subramanian SV. Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 2014 Aug;91(4):661–676.
Journal cover image

Published In

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

DOI

EISSN

1468-2869

ISSN

1099-3460

Publication Date

August 2014

Volume

91

Issue

4

Start / End Page

661 / 676

Related Subject Headings

  • Urban Population
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Rats
  • Racial Groups
  • Public Health
  • Poverty
  • Pets
  • Odds Ratio
  • Models, Theoretical