The DNA damage response: implications for tumor responses to radiation and chemotherapy.
Cellular responses to DNA damage are important determinants of both cancer development and cancer outcome following radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Identification of molecular pathways governing DNA damage signaling and DNA repair in response to different types of DNA lesions allows for a better understanding of the effects of radiation and chemotherapy on normal and tumor cells. Although dysregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) is associated with predisposition to cancer development, it can also result in hypersensitivity or resistance of tumors to therapy and can be exploited for improvement of cancer treatment. We highlight the DDR pathways that are activated after treatment with radiation and different classes of chemotherapeutic drugs and describe mechanisms determining tumor sensitivity and resistance to these agents. Further, we discuss approaches to enhance tumor sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy by modulating the DDR with a goal of enhancing the effectiveness of cancer therapies.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Radiotherapy
- Neoplasms
- Humans
- General & Internal Medicine
- DNA Repair
- DNA Methylation
- DNA Damage
- Antineoplastic Agents
- 3202 Clinical sciences
- 1103 Clinical Sciences
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Radiotherapy
- Neoplasms
- Humans
- General & Internal Medicine
- DNA Repair
- DNA Methylation
- DNA Damage
- Antineoplastic Agents
- 3202 Clinical sciences
- 1103 Clinical Sciences