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Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sanders, AE; Maixner, W; Nackley, AG; Diatchenko, L; By, K; Miller, VE; Slade, GD
Published in: J Pain
January 2012

UNLABELLED: Evidence suggests that the effect of cigarette smoking on chronic pain is stronger in younger than older adults. This case-control study investigated whether age modified an effect of smoking on temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in 299 females aged 18 to 60 years. It also investigated the extent to which this relationship was explained by psychological profile, inflammatory response, and allergy. Cases were defined using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders based on clinical examination. Psychological profile was evaluated using standardized instruments. Inflammatory response was evaluated with 11 cytokines isolated in plasma. History of allergy conditions was self-reported. Odds ratios (ORs) for the effect of smoking were calculated using binary logistic regression. Stratified analyses and the likelihood ratio test examined effect modification by smoking. Compared with nonsmokers, ever smokers aged <30 years had higher odds of TMD (OR = 4.14, 95% CI: 1.57, 11.35) than older adults (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: .55, 2.78) (P (effect modification) = .038). Adjustment for psychological profile, cytokines, and history of allergy-like conditions attenuated the effect by 45% to statistical nonsignificance. The main finding was reproduced with secondary analyses of 2 nationally representative surveys of adults conducted in the US and Australia. PERSPECTIVE: This study showed that smoking was associated with TMD risk in females, but only in young adulthood. It replicated this finding in 2 nationally representative surveys of females in the US and Australia. Findings may alert clinicians to recognize that smoking is a concern for TMD in younger female patients.

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Published In

J Pain

DOI

EISSN

1528-8447

Publication Date

January 2012

Volume

13

Issue

1

Start / End Page

21 / 31

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Stress, Psychological
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Odds Ratio
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models
 

Citation

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Sanders, A. E., Maixner, W., Nackley, A. G., Diatchenko, L., By, K., Miller, V. E., & Slade, G. D. (2012). Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults. J Pain, 13(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.08.003
Sanders, Anne E., William Maixner, Andrea G. Nackley, Luda Diatchenko, Kunthel By, Vanessa E. Miller, and Gary D. Slade. “Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults.J Pain 13, no. 1 (January 2012): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.08.003.
Sanders AE, Maixner W, Nackley AG, Diatchenko L, By K, Miller VE, et al. Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults. J Pain. 2012 Jan;13(1):21–31.
Sanders, Anne E., et al. “Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults.J Pain, vol. 13, no. 1, Jan. 2012, pp. 21–31. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2011.08.003.
Sanders AE, Maixner W, Nackley AG, Diatchenko L, By K, Miller VE, Slade GD. Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults. J Pain. 2012 Jan;13(1):21–31.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Pain

DOI

EISSN

1528-8447

Publication Date

January 2012

Volume

13

Issue

1

Start / End Page

21 / 31

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Stress, Psychological
  • Smoking
  • Risk Factors
  • Odds Ratio
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Logistic Models