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Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Yanamadala, V; Walcott, BP; Fecci, PE; Rozman, P; Kumar, JI; Nahed, BV; Swearingen, B
Published in: J Clin Neurosci
November 2014

Warfarin-associated intracranial hemorrhage is associated with a high mortality rate. Ongoing coagulopathy increases the likelihood of hematoma expansion and can result in catastrophic hemorrhage if surgery is performed without reversal. The current standard of care for emergency reversal of warfarin is with fresh frozen plasma (FFP). In April 2013, the USA Food and Drug Administration approved a new reversal agent, 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), which has the potential to more rapidly correct coagulopathy. We sought to determine the feasibility and outcomes of using PCC for neurosurgical patients. A prospective, observational study of all patients undergoing coagulopathy reversal for intracranial hemorrhage from April 2013 to December 2013 at a single, tertiary care center was undertaken. Thirty three patients underwent emergent reversal of coagulopathy using either FFP or PCC at the discretion of the treating physician. Intracranial hemorrhage included subdural hematoma, intraparenchymal hematoma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. FFP was used in 28 patients and PCC was used in five patients. International normalized ratio at presentation was similar between groups (FFP 2.9, PCC 3.1, p=0.89). The time to reversal was significantly shorter in the PCC group (FFP 256 minutes, PCC 65 minutes, p<0.05). When operations were performed, the time delay to perform operations was also significantly shorter in the PCC group (FFP 307 minutes, PCC 159 minutes, p<0.05). In this preliminary experience, PCC appears to provide a rapid reversal of coagulopathy. Normalization of coagulation parameters may prevent further intracranial hematoma expansion and facilitate rapid surgical evacuation, thereby improving neurological outcomes.

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Published In

J Clin Neurosci

DOI

EISSN

1532-2653

Publication Date

November 2014

Volume

21

Issue

11

Start / End Page

1881 / 1884

Location

Scotland

Related Subject Headings

  • Warfarin
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
  • Spinal Diseases
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Prospective Studies
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Plasma
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages
 

Citation

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Yanamadala, V., Walcott, B. P., Fecci, P. E., Rozman, P., Kumar, J. I., Nahed, B. V., & Swearingen, B. (2014). Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci, 21(11), 1881–1884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2014.05.001
Yanamadala, Vijay, Brian P. Walcott, Peter E. Fecci, Peter Rozman, Jay I. Kumar, Brian V. Nahed, and Brooke Swearingen. “Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage.J Clin Neurosci 21, no. 11 (November 2014): 1881–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2014.05.001.
Yanamadala V, Walcott BP, Fecci PE, Rozman P, Kumar JI, Nahed BV, et al. Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2014 Nov;21(11):1881–4.
Yanamadala, Vijay, et al. “Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage.J Clin Neurosci, vol. 21, no. 11, Nov. 2014, pp. 1881–84. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2014.05.001.
Yanamadala V, Walcott BP, Fecci PE, Rozman P, Kumar JI, Nahed BV, Swearingen B. Reversal of warfarin associated coagulopathy with 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2014 Nov;21(11):1881–1884.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Clin Neurosci

DOI

EISSN

1532-2653

Publication Date

November 2014

Volume

21

Issue

11

Start / End Page

1881 / 1884

Location

Scotland

Related Subject Headings

  • Warfarin
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
  • Spinal Diseases
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Prospective Studies
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Plasma
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages