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Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Toporcov, TN; Znaor, A; Zhang, Z-F; Yu, G-P; Winn, DM; Wei, Q; Vilensky, M; Vaughan, T; Thomson, P; Talamini, R; Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N ...
Published in: Int J Epidemiol
February 2015

BACKGROUND: Increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in young adults has been reported. We aimed to compare the role of major risk factors and family history of cancer in HNC in young adults and older patients. METHODS: We pooled data from 25 case-control studies and conducted separate analyses for adults ≤ 45 years old ('young adults', 2010 cases and 4042 controls) and >45 years old ('older adults', 17700 cases and 22 704 controls). Using logistic regression with studies treated as random effects, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The young group of cases had a higher proportion of oral tongue cancer (16.0% in women; 11.0% in men) and unspecified oral cavity / oropharynx cancer (16.2%; 11.1%) and a lower proportion of larynx cancer (12.1%; 16.6%) than older adult cases. The proportions of never smokers or never drinkers among female cases were higher than among male cases in both age groups. Positive associations with HNC and duration or pack-years of smoking and drinking were similar across age groups. However, the attributable fractions (AFs) for smoking and drinking were lower in young when compared with older adults (AFs for smoking in young women, older women, young men and older men, respectively, = 19.9% (95% CI=9.8%, 27.9%), 48.9% (46.6%, 50.8%), 46.2% (38.5%, 52.5%), 64.3% (62.2%, 66.4%); AFs for drinking=5.3% (-11.2%, 18.0%), 20.0% (14.5%, 25.0%), 21.5% (5.0%, 34.9%) and 50.4% (46.1%, 54.3%). A family history of early-onset cancer was associated with HNC risk in the young [OR=2.27 (95% CI=1.26, 4.10)], but not in the older adults [OR=1.10 (0.91, 1.31)]. The attributable fraction for family history of early-onset cancer was 23.2% (8.60% to 31.4%) in young compared with 2.20% (-2.41%, 5.80%) in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in HNC aetiology according to age group may exist. The lower AF of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in young adults may be due to the reduced length of exposure due to the lower age. Other characteristics, such as those that are inherited, may play a more important role in HNC in young adults compared with older adults.

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Published In

Int J Epidemiol

DOI

EISSN

1464-3685

Publication Date

February 2015

Volume

44

Issue

1

Start / End Page

169 / 185

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Smoking
  • Sex Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • Registries
  • Odds Ratio
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Incidence
  • Humans
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms
 

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Toporcov, T. N., Znaor, A., Zhang, Z.-F., Yu, G.-P., Winn, D. M., Wei, Q., … Filho, V. W. (2015). Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Int J Epidemiol, 44(1), 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu255
Toporcov, Tatiana Natasha, Ariana Znaor, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Guo-Pei Yu, Deborah M. Winn, Qingyi Wei, Marta Vilensky, et al. “Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium.Int J Epidemiol 44, no. 1 (February 2015): 169–85. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu255.
Toporcov TN, Znaor A, Zhang Z-F, Yu G-P, Winn DM, Wei Q, et al. Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Int J Epidemiol. 2015 Feb;44(1):169–85.
Toporcov, Tatiana Natasha, et al. “Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium.Int J Epidemiol, vol. 44, no. 1, Feb. 2015, pp. 169–85. Pubmed, doi:10.1093/ije/dyu255.
Toporcov TN, Znaor A, Zhang Z-F, Yu G-P, Winn DM, Wei Q, Vilensky M, Vaughan T, Thomson P, Talamini R, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Sturgis EM, Smith E, Shangina O, Schwartz SM, Schantz S, Rudnai P, Richiardi L, Ramroth H, Purdue MP, Olshan AF, Eluf-Neto J, Muscat J, Moyses RA, Morgenstern H, Menezes A, McClean M, Matsuo K, Mates D, Macfarlane TV, Lissowska J, Levi F, Lazarus P, La Vecchia C, Lagiou P, Koifman S, Kjaerheim K, Kelsey K, Holcatova I, Herrero R, Healy C, Hayes RB, Franceschi S, Fernandez L, Fabianova E, Daudt AW, Curioni OA, Maso LD, Curado MP, Conway DI, Chen C, Castellsague X, Canova C, Cadoni G, Brennan P, Boccia S, Antunes JLF, Ahrens W, Agudo A, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee Y-CA, Filho VW. Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Int J Epidemiol. 2015 Feb;44(1):169–185.
Journal cover image

Published In

Int J Epidemiol

DOI

EISSN

1464-3685

Publication Date

February 2015

Volume

44

Issue

1

Start / End Page

169 / 185

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Smoking
  • Sex Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • Registries
  • Odds Ratio
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Incidence
  • Humans
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms