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ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Gregory, AM; Agnew-Blais, JC; Matthews, T; Moffitt, TE; Arseneault, L
Published in: Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
March 2017

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with poor sleep quality, but there is more to learn about the longitudinal association and aetiology of this association. We investigated the following: (a) Is there an association between childhood ADHD and poor sleep quality in young adulthood? (b) Is this driven by the long-term effects of childhood ADHD or concurrent associations with ADHD in young adulthood? (c) To what extent do genetic and environmental influences explain the overlap between symptoms of ADHD and poor sleep quality? Participants were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study of 2,232 twin children born in the United Kingdom in 1994-1995. We ascertained ADHD diagnoses at ages 5, 7, 10, 12, and 18. We assessed sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at age 18. We used regression models to examine longitudinal associations and bivariate twin modelling to test genetic and environmental influences. Children with ADHD had poorer sleep quality in young adulthood, but only if their ADHD persisted. Adults with ADHD had more sleep problems than those without ADHD, over and above psychiatric comorbidity and maternal insomnia. ADHD and sleep problems in young adulthood were associated because of genetic (55%) and nonshared environmental influences (45%). Should ADHD remit, children with ADHD do not appear to have an increased risk of later sleep problems. Good quality sleep is important for multiple areas of functioning, and a better understanding of why adults with ADHD have poorer sleep quality will further the goal of improving treatments.

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Published In

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

DOI

EISSN

1537-4424

ISSN

1537-4416

Publication Date

March 2017

Volume

46

Issue

2

Start / End Page

284 / 294

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • United Kingdom
  • Twins
  • Sleep Wake Disorders
  • Sleep
  • Regression Analysis
  • Male
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Humans
  • Female
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Gregory, A. M., Agnew-Blais, J. C., Matthews, T., Moffitt, T. E., & Arseneault, L. (2017). ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 46(2), 284–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1183499
Gregory, Alice M., Jessica C. Agnew-Blais, Timothy Matthews, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Louise Arseneault. “ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort.Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53 46, no. 2 (March 2017): 284–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1183499.
Gregory AM, Agnew-Blais JC, Matthews T, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L. ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53. 2017 Mar;46(2):284–94.
Gregory, Alice M., et al. “ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort.Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, vol. 46, no. 2, Mar. 2017, pp. 284–94. Epmc, doi:10.1080/15374416.2016.1183499.
Gregory AM, Agnew-Blais JC, Matthews T, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L. ADHD and Sleep Quality: Longitudinal Analyses From Childhood to Early Adulthood in a Twin Cohort. Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53. 2017 Mar;46(2):284–294.

Published In

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

DOI

EISSN

1537-4424

ISSN

1537-4416

Publication Date

March 2017

Volume

46

Issue

2

Start / End Page

284 / 294

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • United Kingdom
  • Twins
  • Sleep Wake Disorders
  • Sleep
  • Regression Analysis
  • Male
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Humans
  • Female