Skip to main content

Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Dye, JA; Lehmann, JR; McGee, JK; Winsett, DW; Ledbetter, AD; Everitt, JI; Ghio, AJ; Costa, DL
Published in: Environ Health Perspect
June 2001

Epidemiologic reports by C.A. Pope III et. al. demonstrated that in the Utah Valley, closure of an open-hearth steel mill over the winter of 1987 was associated with reductions in respiratory disease and related hospital admissions in valley residents. To better examine the relationship between plant-associated changes in ambient particulate matter (PM) and respiratory health effects, we obtained total suspended particulate filters originally collected near the steel mill during the winter of 1986 (before closure), 1987 (during closure), and 1988 (after plant reopening). PM subcomponents were water-extracted from these filters and Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with equivalent masses of extract. Data indicated that 24 hr later, rats exposed to 1986 or 1988 extracts developed significant pulmonary injury and neutrophilic inflammation. Additionally, 50% of rats exposed to 1986 or 1988 extracts had increased airway responsiveness to acetylcholine, compared to 17 and 25% of rats exposed to saline or the 1987 extract, respectively. By 96 hr, these effects were largely resolved except for increases in lung lavage fluid neutrophils and lymphocytes in 1986 extract-exposed rats. Analogous effects were observed with lung histologic assessment. Extract analysis using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy demonstrated in all three extracts nearly 70% of the mass appeared to be sodium-based salts derived from the glass filter matrix. Interestingly, relative to the 1987 extract, the 1986/1988 extracts contained more sulfate, cationic salts (i.e., calcium, potassium, magnesium), and certain metals (i.e., copper, zinc, iron, lead, strontium, arsenic, manganese, nickel). Although total metal content was (3/4) 1% of the extracts by mass, the greater quantity detected in the 1986 and 1988 extracts suggests metals may be important determinants of the pulmonary toxicity observed. In conclusion, the pulmonary effects induced by exposure of rats to water-based extracts of local ambient PM filters were in good accord with the cross-sectional epidemiologic reports of adverse respiratory health effects in Utah Valley residents.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Environ Health Perspect

DOI

ISSN

0091-6765

Publication Date

June 2001

Volume

109 Suppl 3

Issue

Suppl 3

Start / End Page

395 / 403

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Toxicology
  • Steel
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Public Health
  • Particle Size
  • Male
  • Lung
  • Inflammation
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Dye, J. A., Lehmann, J. R., McGee, J. K., Winsett, D. W., Ledbetter, A. D., Everitt, J. I., … Costa, D. L. (2001). Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents. Environ Health Perspect, 109 Suppl 3(Suppl 3), 395–403. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109s3395
Dye, J. A., J. R. Lehmann, J. K. McGee, D. W. Winsett, A. D. Ledbetter, J. I. Everitt, A. J. Ghio, and D. L. Costa. “Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents.Environ Health Perspect 109 Suppl 3, no. Suppl 3 (June 2001): 395–403. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109s3395.
Dye JA, Lehmann JR, McGee JK, Winsett DW, Ledbetter AD, Everitt JI, et al. Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Jun;109 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):395–403.
Dye, J. A., et al. “Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents.Environ Health Perspect, vol. 109 Suppl 3, no. Suppl 3, June 2001, pp. 395–403. Pubmed, doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s3395.
Dye JA, Lehmann JR, McGee JK, Winsett DW, Ledbetter AD, Everitt JI, Ghio AJ, Costa DL. Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Jun;109 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):395–403.

Published In

Environ Health Perspect

DOI

ISSN

0091-6765

Publication Date

June 2001

Volume

109 Suppl 3

Issue

Suppl 3

Start / End Page

395 / 403

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Toxicology
  • Steel
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Public Health
  • Particle Size
  • Male
  • Lung
  • Inflammation