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Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Cordero, DM; Towe, SL; Chen, N-K; Robertson, KR; Madden, DJ; Huettel, SA; Meade, CS
Published in: J Neurovirol
June 2017

This study investigated the association of HIV infection and cocaine dependence with cerebral white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). One hundred thirty-five participants stratified by HIV and cocaine status (26 HIV+/COC+, 37 HIV+/COC-, 37 HIV-/COC+, and 35 HIV-/COC-) completed a comprehensive substance abuse assessment, neuropsychological testing, and MRI with DTI. Among HIV+ participants, all were receiving HIV care and 46% had an AIDS diagnosis. All COC+ participants were current users and met criteria for cocaine use disorder. We used tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to assess the relation of HIV and cocaine to fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). In whole-brain analyses, HIV+ participants had significantly reduced FA and increased MD compared to HIV- participants. The relation of HIV and FA was widespread throughout the brain, whereas the HIV-related MD effects were restricted to the corpus callosum and thalamus. There were no significant cocaine or HIV-by-cocaine effects. These DTI metrics correlated significantly with duration of HIV disease, nadir CD4+ cell count, and AIDS diagnosis, as well as some measures of neuropsychological functioning. These results suggest that HIV is related to white matter integrity throughout the brain, and that HIV-related effects are more pronounced with increasing duration of infection and greater immune compromise. We found no evidence for independent effects of cocaine dependence on white matter integrity, and cocaine dependence did not appear to exacerbate the effects of HIV.

Duke Scholars

Published In

J Neurovirol

DOI

EISSN

1538-2443

Publication Date

June 2017

Volume

23

Issue

3

Start / End Page

441 / 450

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • White Matter
  • Virology
  • Thalamus
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • HIV Infections
  • Female
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Cordero, D. M., Towe, S. L., Chen, N.-K., Robertson, K. R., Madden, D. J., Huettel, S. A., & Meade, C. S. (2017). Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection. J Neurovirol, 23(3), 441–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0512-5
Cordero, Daniella M., Sheri L. Towe, Nan-Kuei Chen, Kevin R. Robertson, David J. Madden, Scott A. Huettel, and Christina S. Meade. “Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection.J Neurovirol 23, no. 3 (June 2017): 441–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0512-5.
Cordero DM, Towe SL, Chen N-K, Robertson KR, Madden DJ, Huettel SA, et al. Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection. J Neurovirol. 2017 Jun;23(3):441–50.
Cordero, Daniella M., et al. “Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection.J Neurovirol, vol. 23, no. 3, June 2017, pp. 441–50. Pubmed, doi:10.1007/s13365-017-0512-5.
Cordero DM, Towe SL, Chen N-K, Robertson KR, Madden DJ, Huettel SA, Meade CS. Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection. J Neurovirol. 2017 Jun;23(3):441–450.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Neurovirol

DOI

EISSN

1538-2443

Publication Date

June 2017

Volume

23

Issue

3

Start / End Page

441 / 450

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • White Matter
  • Virology
  • Thalamus
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • HIV Infections
  • Female
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging