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Noncardiovascular deaths are more common than cardiovascular deaths in patients with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors and impaired glucose tolerance: Insights from the Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sharma, A; de Souza Brito, F; Sun, J-L; Thomas, L; Haffner, S; Holman, RR; Lopes, RD
Published in: Am Heart J
April 2017

BACKGROUND: Patients with impaired glucose tolerance have an elevated risk of cardiovascular (CV) death; however, the causes and risk factors associated with non-CV deaths are poorly understood. METHODS: The NAVIGATOR trial enrolled 9,306 participants with impaired glucose tolerance and CV disease or at high CV risk, with a median follow-up of 6.4years. Using this population, we identified (1) the proportion of deaths attributed to CV, non-CV, and unknown causes, and (2) the risk factors associated with non-CV death. RESULTS: During the NAVIGATOR trial follow-up, 622 patients died. Investigators reported 244 (39.2%) CV deaths, 313 (50.3%) non-CV deaths, and 65 (10.5%) deaths of unknown cause. Myocardial infarction was the leading cause of investigator-reported death (57/622 [9.2%]). Among non-CV deaths, the most commonly identified cause related to malignancy (177/313 [56.5%]). Using adjudicated causes of death, Cox proportional hazard models identified 3 independent prognostic markers that increased the risk of non-CV death: history of non-melanoma skin cancer (hazard ratio 2.67 [95% CI 1.65-4.33]; P<.0001), white blood cell count (1 unit >5000/mm3; 1.10 [1.02-1.18]; P=.011), and serum potassium levels (per 1mmol/L above any value; 1.67 [1.302.15]; P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high baseline CV risk among patients in the NAVIGATOR trial, the most common cause of death was non-CV. The high burden of non-CV death in this population has potential implications for future CV event-driven trials.

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Published In

Am Heart J

DOI

EISSN

1097-6744

Publication Date

April 2017

Volume

186

Start / End Page

73 / 82

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Glucose Intolerance
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Female
  • Cause of Death
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
 

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Sharma, Abhinav, Flávio de Souza Brito, Jie-Lena Sun, Laine Thomas, Steven Haffner, Rury R. Holman, and Renato D. Lopes. “Noncardiovascular deaths are more common than cardiovascular deaths in patients with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors and impaired glucose tolerance: Insights from the Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial.Am Heart J 186 (April 2017): 73–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2016.12.011.
Journal cover image

Published In

Am Heart J

DOI

EISSN

1097-6744

Publication Date

April 2017

Volume

186

Start / End Page

73 / 82

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Glucose Intolerance
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Female
  • Cause of Death
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases