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Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests

Publication ,  Journal Article
Shapiro - Garza, E; Osborne, T
Published in: Annals of the Association of American Geographers
August 9, 2017

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are increasingly employed to address a range of environmental issues, including biodiversity conservation, watershed protection, and climate change mitigation. PES initiatives have gained momentum since the 1990s, and market enthusiasts have promoted them as not only cost effective but generative of social and ecological co-benefits for local communities. Whereas the neoliberalization and commodification of nature has been well explored in geographic and critical scholarship, there is a dearth of theoretically informed, empirically grounded research exploring the dynamics and outcomes of the formation of “markets for nature.” Our study applies theories of commodification and embeddedness to examine these themes in comparative cases of two emergent markets for forest-based carbon offsetting initiatives in Mexico: Scolel Té in Chiapas and the Integrator of Indigenous and Campesino Communities of Oaxaca (ICICO). Although developed over similar time periods and in contiguous states, the two cases vary greatly in the degree to which carbon has been commodified and the markets embedded within the socionatural systems of the sites of production. Through detailed case studies, we demonstrate how interactions of these markets with preexisting social relations, institutions, and social and cultural values—the stuff of embeddedness—are critical for understanding the outcomes associated with markets for ecosystem services. We conclude that greater embeddedness is likely to lead to more positive local outcomes but that the embedding of forest-based carbon markets requires considerable time and extensive networks of nonmarket support and is furthermore dependent on the structure and orientation of finance and the political, institutional, and economic agrarian context of the sites of production.

Duke Scholars

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Published In

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

DOI

ISSN

0004-5608

Publication Date

August 9, 2017

Volume

107

Issue

5

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Related Subject Headings

  • Geography
  • 4406 Human geography
  • 3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience
  • 1604 Human Geography
  • 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
 

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Shapiro - Garza, E., & Osborne, T. (2017). Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 107(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1343657
Shapiro - Garza, E., and T. Osborne. “Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 107, no. 5 (August 9, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1343657.
Shapiro - Garza E, Osborne T. Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 2017 Aug 9;107(5).
Shapiro - Garza, E., and T. Osborne. “Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 107, no. 5, Taylor & Francis, Aug. 2017. Manual, doi:10.1080/24694452.2017.1343657.
Shapiro - Garza E, Osborne T. Embedding Carbon Markets: Complicating Commodification of Ecosystem Services in Mexico's Forests. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Taylor & Francis; 2017 Aug 9;107(5).
Journal cover image

Published In

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

DOI

ISSN

0004-5608

Publication Date

August 9, 2017

Volume

107

Issue

5

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Related Subject Headings

  • Geography
  • 4406 Human geography
  • 3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience
  • 1604 Human Geography
  • 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience