Wideband GNSS antenna covered by a double-sided metasurface

A novel global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antenna that employs a double-sided metasurface (MS) to cover a circularly slotted patch antenna is presented. With this MS, the antenna has a wide −10-dB reflection coefficient bandwidth from 1.160 GHz to 1.640 GHz (34.3%) and 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth from 1.170 GHz to 1.720 GHz (38.1%), covering all frequency bands of the GNSSs within a single band. Meanwhile, the right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) gain of the antenna is enhanced by the MS, with a peak value of 6.44 dBic at 1.600 GHz. An electrically small footprint of 0.364 λ0 × 0.364 λ0 is also achieved by the antenna at the operating frequency of 1.170 GHz.