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Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Weigt, SS; Wang, X; Palchevskiy, V; Li, X; Patel, N; Ross, DJ; Reynolds, J; Shah, PD; Danziger-Isakov, LA; Sweet, SC; Singer, LG; Budev, M ...
Published in: J Heart Lung Transplant
August 2019

BACKGROUND: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the main limitation to long-term survival after lung transplantation. Because effective therapies are lacking, early identification and mitigation of risk factors is a pragmatic approach to improve outcomes. Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is the most pervasive risk factor for CLAD, but diagnosis requires transbronchial biopsy, which carries risks. We hypothesized that gene expression in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell pellet (CP) could replace biopsy and inform on mechanisms of CLAD. METHODS: We performed RNA sequencing on BAL CPs from 219 lung transplant recipients with A-grade ACR (n = 61), lymphocytic bronchiolitis (n = 58), infection (n = 41), or no rejection/infection (n = 59). Differential gene expression was based on absolute fold difference >2.0 and Benjamini-adjusted p-value ≤0.05. We used the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery Bioinformatics Resource for pathway analyses. For classifier modeling, samples were randomly split into training (n = 154) and testing sets (n = 65). A logistic regression model using recursive feature elimination and 5-fold cross-validation was trained to optimize area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Differential gene expression identified 72 genes. Enriched pathways included T-cell receptor signaling, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. A 4-gene model (AUC = 0.72) and classification threshold defined in the training set exhibited fair performance in the testing set; accuracy was 76%, specificity 82%, and sensitivity 60%. In addition, classification as ACR was associated with worse CLAD-free survival (hazard ratio = 2.42; 95% confidence interval = 1.29-4.53). CONCLUSIONS: BAL CP gene expression during ACR is enriched for immune response pathways and shows promise as a diagnostic tool for ACR, especially ACR that is a precursor of CLAD.

Duke Scholars

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Published In

J Heart Lung Transplant

DOI

EISSN

1557-3117

Publication Date

August 2019

Volume

38

Issue

8

Start / End Page

845 / 855

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Lung Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Graft Rejection
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Female
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
 

Citation

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Weigt, S. S., Wang, X., Palchevskiy, V., Li, X., Patel, N., Ross, D. J., … Belperio, J. A. (2019). Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant, 38(8), 845–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2019.05.001
Weigt, S Samuel, Xiaoyan Wang, Vyacheslav Palchevskiy, Xinmin Li, Naman Patel, David J. Ross, John Reynolds, et al. “Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection.J Heart Lung Transplant 38, no. 8 (August 2019): 845–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2019.05.001.
Weigt SS, Wang X, Palchevskiy V, Li X, Patel N, Ross DJ, et al. Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019 Aug;38(8):845–55.
Weigt, S. Samuel, et al. “Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection.J Heart Lung Transplant, vol. 38, no. 8, Aug. 2019, pp. 845–55. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.healun.2019.05.001.
Weigt SS, Wang X, Palchevskiy V, Li X, Patel N, Ross DJ, Reynolds J, Shah PD, Danziger-Isakov LA, Sweet SC, Singer LG, Budev M, Palmer S, Belperio JA. Usefulness of gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in acute lung allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019 Aug;38(8):845–855.
Journal cover image

Published In

J Heart Lung Transplant

DOI

EISSN

1557-3117

Publication Date

August 2019

Volume

38

Issue

8

Start / End Page

845 / 855

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Lung Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Graft Rejection
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Female
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid