Skip to main content
Journal cover image

The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Zhang, W; He, SY; Assmann, SM
Published in: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
December 2008

Stomata in the epidermis of terrestrial plants are important for CO2 absorption and transpirational water loss, and are also potential points of entry for pathogens. Stomatal opening and closure are controlled by distinct mechanisms. Arabidopsis stomata have been shown to close in response to bacteria and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as part of PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Here we show that flg22, a PAMP derived from bacterial flagellin, also inhibits light-induced stomatal opening. Consistent with our observations on stomatal opening, flg22 inhibits the inward K+ channels (K+ (in) currents) of guard cells that mediate K+ uptake during stomatal opening. Similar to previously documented K+ current changes triggered by exogenous elevation of H(2)O(2) and nitric oxide (NO), with prolonged duration of flg22 exposure the outward K+ channels (K+ (out) currents) of guard cells are also inhibited. In null mutants of the flg22 receptor, FLS2, flg22 regulation of stomatal opening, K+ (in) currents, and K+ (out) currents is eliminated. flg22 also fails to elicit these responses in null mutants of the sole canonical G-protein alpha subunit, GPA1. The bacterial toxin, coronatine, produced by several pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae, reverses the inhibitory effects of flg22 on both K+ (in) currents and stomatal opening, indicating interplay between plant and pathogen in the regulation of plant ion channels. Thus, the PAMP-triggered stomatal response involves K+ channel regulation, and this regulation is dependent on signaling via cognate PAMP receptors and a heterotrimeric G-protein. These new findings provide insights into the largely elusive signaling process underlying PTI-associated guard cell responses.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology

DOI

EISSN

1365-313X

ISSN

0960-7412

Publication Date

December 2008

Volume

56

Issue

6

Start / End Page

984 / 996

Related Subject Headings

  • Protein Kinases
  • Plant Stomata
  • Plant Biology & Botany
  • Light
  • Ion Channel Gating
  • Indenes
  • GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits
  • G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels
  • Flagellin
  • Arabidopsis Proteins
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Zhang, W., He, S. Y., & Assmann, S. M. (2008). The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation. The Plant Journal : For Cell and Molecular Biology, 56(6), 984–996. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03657.x
Zhang, Wei, Sheng Yang He, and Sarah M. Assmann. “The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation.The Plant Journal : For Cell and Molecular Biology 56, no. 6 (December 2008): 984–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03657.x.
Zhang W, He SY, Assmann SM. The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology. 2008 Dec;56(6):984–96.
Zhang, Wei, et al. “The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation.The Plant Journal : For Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 56, no. 6, Dec. 2008, pp. 984–96. Epmc, doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03657.x.
Zhang W, He SY, Assmann SM. The plant innate immunity response in stomatal guard cells invokes G-protein-dependent ion channel regulation. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology. 2008 Dec;56(6):984–996.
Journal cover image

Published In

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology

DOI

EISSN

1365-313X

ISSN

0960-7412

Publication Date

December 2008

Volume

56

Issue

6

Start / End Page

984 / 996

Related Subject Headings

  • Protein Kinases
  • Plant Stomata
  • Plant Biology & Botany
  • Light
  • Ion Channel Gating
  • Indenes
  • GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits
  • G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels
  • Flagellin
  • Arabidopsis Proteins