Posttraumatic stress disorder
Currently, under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is classified within the new category of trauma and stressor-related disorders. PTSD frequently presents with fear and anxiety and most prior research has conceptualized PTSD as an anxiety disorder. This chapter discusses the epidemiological studies on prevalence of both potentially traumatic events and PTSD. It also deals with the natural course of the disorder, risk factors, functioning/impairment, commonly comorbid disorders, and differential diagnosis. The diagnosis of PTSD is associated with impairments across a variety of domains, including occupational and academic functioning, marital and family functioning, parenting, friendships, and socializing. The chapter details the similarities and differences between PTSD and several Axis I disorders. Both DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria are discussed.