A genomic analysis of cellular responses and adaptions to extracellular acidosis
Even though lactic acidosis is a prominent feature of solid tumors, we have limited understanding of the mechanisms by which lactic acidosis influences the genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, and metabolic phenotypes of cancer cells. This chapter aims to (1) briefly outline the tumor microenvironment and how acidity relates to its biology; (2) briefly discuss traditional hypothesis-driven or single-gene studies that have explored cancer cells’ responses to acidosis or lactic acidosis; (3) explain what we have learned from “-omics” approaches that have been applied to studying cellular response to acid and lactic acid; and (4) reflect on the projections of these studies in (2) and (3) to in vivo human tumor biology and how we can use this information to better inform disease treatments.