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Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Alghamdi, WA; Subki, AH; Khatib, HA; Butt, NS; Alghamdi, RA; Alsallum, MS; Alharbi, AA; Almatrafi, MN; Alobisi, AA; Al-Zaben, F; Koenig, HG
Published in: Int J Gen Med
2022

BACKGROUND: The present study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in the general population of Jeddah, a large port city in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed a convenience sample of 520 adults. We used a validated self-screening measure to assess BDD, the body dysmorphic disorder questionnaire (BDDQ). RESULTS: The prevalence of significant BDD symptoms among the general Saudi population was 8.8% (ie, those scoring above the cut off for BDD on the BDDQ). Over half (52%) of all respondents reported concerns about the attractiveness of their body parts, and of those expressing such concerns, 66% were preoccupied with these thoughts. Only 3% of all respondents opted for cosmetic surgery because of these concerns, and most of those individuals (69%) had only one surgery. Nearly 9% of all respondents reported that these concerns affected their relationships with family and friends. Almost 15% of all participants spent an hour or more each day thinking about these concerns. Patients who reported a history of depression were 3.8 times more likely to have BDD. Other variables included in the model predicting high BDD scores (eg, age, job status, and marital status) did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Significant symptoms of BDD (based on the BDDQ) are not uncommon among the general population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Risk factors for this condition were female gender, younger age, being unmarried, and in bivariate and multivariate analyses, history of depression and female gender. These findings underscore the need for increased awareness by clinicians of this disorder, particularly when treating patients with depressive disorder, particularly among women.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Int J Gen Med

DOI

ISSN

1178-7074

Publication Date

2022

Volume

15

Start / End Page

2905 / 2912

Location

New Zealand

Related Subject Headings

  • 4202 Epidemiology
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Alghamdi, W. A., Subki, A. H., Khatib, H. A., Butt, N. S., Alghamdi, R. A., Alsallum, M. S., … Koenig, H. G. (2022). Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population. Int J Gen Med, 15, 2905–2912. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S329942
Alghamdi, Waleed Ahmed, Ahmed Hussein Subki, Hazim Abdulkarim Khatib, Nadeem Shafique Butt, Rahaf Ali Alghamdi, Mohammed Saad Alsallum, Ahmed A. Alharbi, et al. “Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population.Int J Gen Med 15 (2022): 2905–12. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S329942.
Alghamdi WA, Subki AH, Khatib HA, Butt NS, Alghamdi RA, Alsallum MS, et al. Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:2905–12.
Alghamdi, Waleed Ahmed, et al. “Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population.Int J Gen Med, vol. 15, 2022, pp. 2905–12. Pubmed, doi:10.2147/IJGM.S329942.
Alghamdi WA, Subki AH, Khatib HA, Butt NS, Alghamdi RA, Alsallum MS, Alharbi AA, Almatrafi MN, Alobisi AA, Al-Zaben F, Koenig HG. Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms: Prevalence and Risk Factors in an Arab Middle Eastern Population. Int J Gen Med. 2022;15:2905–2912.

Published In

Int J Gen Med

DOI

ISSN

1178-7074

Publication Date

2022

Volume

15

Start / End Page

2905 / 2912

Location

New Zealand

Related Subject Headings

  • 4202 Epidemiology
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 1103 Clinical Sciences