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Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sen, S; Rabinstein, AA; Elkind, MSV; Powers, WJ
Published in: Cerebrovasc Dis
2012

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is strongly associated with ischemic stroke in the young. Data obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample in the United States show an increase in the number of stroke hospitalizations in the HIV-infected population despite an overall decrease in the number of stroke hospitalizations. Few data exist, however, that address the mechanism of HIV-associated stroke. Recent studies have demonstrated that HIV may infect the endothelium and alter cerebrovascular functions. Whether the proposed mechanism alters the stroke risk is undetermined. Epidemiological studies suggest that HIV-related stroke is associated with a risk factor profile that differs from the HIV-negative young stroke population in that HIV-associated strokes are less likely to have hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and smoking as risk factors. A large population-based study, moreover, suggests an association between antiretroviral therapy and increased cardio- and cerebrovascular risks. Specific antiretroviral agents such as protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been implicated in the metabolic syndrome, accelerated atherosclerosis and an increased risk for ischemic stroke. In addition to discussing these developments, this paper also discusses the implications of recent data for stroke prevention in HIV-infected patients.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Cerebrovasc Dis

DOI

EISSN

1421-9786

Publication Date

2012

Volume

33

Issue

3

Start / End Page

209 / 218

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Stroke
  • Risk Factors
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Humans
  • HIV Infections
  • HIV
  • Endothelium, Vascular
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Age Factors
  • 3209 Neurosciences
 

Citation

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Sen, S., Rabinstein, A. A., Elkind, M. S. V., & Powers, W. J. (2012). Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis, 33(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335300
Sen, Souvik, Alejandro A. Rabinstein, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, and William J. Powers. “Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke.Cerebrovasc Dis 33, no. 3 (2012): 209–18. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335300.
Sen S, Rabinstein AA, Elkind MSV, Powers WJ. Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;33(3):209–18.
Sen, Souvik, et al. “Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke.Cerebrovasc Dis, vol. 33, no. 3, 2012, pp. 209–18. Pubmed, doi:10.1159/000335300.
Sen S, Rabinstein AA, Elkind MSV, Powers WJ. Recent developments regarding human immunodeficiency virus infection and stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;33(3):209–218.
Journal cover image

Published In

Cerebrovasc Dis

DOI

EISSN

1421-9786

Publication Date

2012

Volume

33

Issue

3

Start / End Page

209 / 218

Location

Switzerland

Related Subject Headings

  • Stroke
  • Risk Factors
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Humans
  • HIV Infections
  • HIV
  • Endothelium, Vascular
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Age Factors
  • 3209 Neurosciences