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Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Chariker, L; Shapley, R; Young, L-S
Published in: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
December 2016

A new computational model of the primary visual cortex (V1) of the macaque monkey was constructed to reconcile the visual functions of V1 with anatomical data on its LGN input, the extreme sparseness of which presented serious challenges to theoretically sound explanations of cortical function. We demonstrate that, even with such sparse input, it is possible to produce robust orientation selectivity, as well as continuity in the orientation map. We went beyond that to find plausible dynamic regimes of our new model that emulate simultaneously experimental data for a wide range of V1 phenomena, beginning with orientation selectivity but also including diversity in neuronal responses, bimodal distributions of the modulation ratio (the simple/complex classification), and dynamic signatures, such as gamma-band oscillations. Intracortical interactions play a major role in all aspects of the visual functions of the model.We present the first realistic model that has captured the sparseness of magnocellular LGN inputs to the macaque primary visual cortex and successfully derived orientation selectivity from them. Three implications are (1) even in input layers to the visual cortex, the system is less feedforward and more dominated by intracortical signals than previously thought, (2) interactions among cortical neurons in local populations produce dynamics not explained by single neurons, and (3) such dynamics are important for function. Our model also shows that a comprehensive picture is necessary to explain function, because different visual properties are related. This study points to the need for paradigm shifts in neuroscience modeling: greater emphasis on population dynamics and, where possible, a move toward data-driven, comprehensive models.

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Published In

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

DOI

EISSN

1529-2401

ISSN

0270-6474

Publication Date

December 2016

Volume

36

Issue

49

Start / End Page

12368 / 12384

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Pathways
  • Visual Cortex
  • Orientation
  • Neurons
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Models, Neurological
  • Macaca
  • Geniculate Bodies
  • Gamma Rhythm
  • Computer Simulation
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Chariker, L., Shapley, R., & Young, L.-S. (2016). Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex. The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 36(49), 12368–12384. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2603-16.2016
Chariker, Logan, Robert Shapley, and Lai-Sang Young. “Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex.The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience 36, no. 49 (December 2016): 12368–84. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2603-16.2016.
Chariker L, Shapley R, Young L-S. Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2016 Dec;36(49):12368–84.
Chariker, Logan, et al. “Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex.The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, vol. 36, no. 49, Dec. 2016, pp. 12368–84. Epmc, doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2603-16.2016.
Chariker L, Shapley R, Young L-S. Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2016 Dec;36(49):12368–12384.

Published In

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

DOI

EISSN

1529-2401

ISSN

0270-6474

Publication Date

December 2016

Volume

36

Issue

49

Start / End Page

12368 / 12384

Related Subject Headings

  • Visual Pathways
  • Visual Cortex
  • Orientation
  • Neurons
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Models, Neurological
  • Macaca
  • Geniculate Bodies
  • Gamma Rhythm
  • Computer Simulation