Commensal bacteria stimulate antitumor responses via T cell cross-reactivity.
Recent studies show gut microbiota modulate antitumor immune responses; one proposed mechanism is cross-reactivity between antigens expressed in commensal bacteria and neoepitopes. We found that T cells targeting an epitope called SVYRYYGL (SVY), expressed in the commensal bacterium Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve), cross-react with a model neoantigen, SIYRYYGL (SIY). Mice lacking B. breve had decreased SVY-reactive T cells compared with B. breve-colonized mice, and the T cell response was transferable by SVY immunization or by cohousing mice without Bifidobacterium with ones colonized with Bifidobacterium. Tumors expressing the model SIY neoantigen also grew faster in mice lacking B. breve compared with Bifidobacterium-colonized animals. B. breve colonization also shaped the SVY-reactive TCR repertoire. Finally, SVY-specific T cells recognized SIY-expressing melanomas in vivo and led to decreased tumor growth and extended survival. Our work demonstrates that commensal bacteria can stimulate antitumor immune responses via cross-reactivity and how bacterial antigens affect the T cell landscape.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- T-Lymphocytes
- Mice
- Melanoma, Experimental
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
- Cross Reactions
- Bifidobacterium breve
- Antigens, Neoplasm
- Animals
- 42 Health sciences
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Related Subject Headings
- T-Lymphocytes
- Mice
- Melanoma, Experimental
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
- Cross Reactions
- Bifidobacterium breve
- Antigens, Neoplasm
- Animals
- 42 Health sciences