C5a stimulates secretion of tumor necrosis factor from human mononuclear cells in vitro. Comparison with secretion of interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 1 alpha.

We have demonstrated that purified C5a is a potent stimulus to human PBMC secretion of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-1 alpha, which proceeds in a dose-dependent fashion. At a given concentration of C5a, TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta secretion did not differ significantly; both were secreted in significantly greater quantity than IL-1 alpha. Clinical conditions such as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections, trauma, and immune complex diseases activate complement. Through the mediation of TNF and IL-1 secreted in response to C5a, these diverse disorders can share common features of fever, coagulopathy, acute phase protein production, and disordered metabolism.