Skip to main content

Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Gao, F; Chen, Y; Levy, DN; Conway, JA; Kepler, TB; Hui, H
Published in: J Virol
March 2004

Mutation rates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomes have been estimated using purified reverse transcriptase or single-round infection system. Since small sequences were used as templates, the overall mutation rates could only be extrapolated and the biological significance of mutations is unknown. For direct estimation of HIV-1 mutation rates and understanding of the potential biological influences of mutations, we obtained 19 complete or nearly full-length proviral genomes from single-round-infected adherent cells of lymphocytes by using a lambda phage library method and a long-range PCR technique. Analysis of 160,000 bp of sequences showed that the overall mutation rate of HIV-1 genomes was 5.4 x 10(-5) per base per replication cycle. On average, 1.1 mutations (range, 0 to 3) were generated in each viral genome during one infection cycle. Inspection of the mutations in the HIV-1 genome revealed that all site mutations within protein-coding regions were nonsynonymous mutations. Among all mutations, half were deleterious (premature stop codon and deletions) and would result in defective genomes. By applying the same system to an HIV-1 genome with a G262A mutation in the thumb region of the reverse transcriptase, a significant increase was observed in deletion and insertion mutation rates but no increase in the overall mutation rate in viral genomes was found.

Duke Scholars

Published In

J Virol

DOI

ISSN

0022-538X

Publication Date

March 2004

Volume

78

Issue

5

Start / End Page

2426 / 2433

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virology
  • Sequence Deletion
  • Mutation
  • Mutagenesis
  • Lymphocytes
  • Kinetics
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Humans
  • Hela Cells
  • HeLa Cells
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Gao, F., Chen, Y., Levy, D. N., Conway, J. A., Kepler, T. B., & Hui, H. (2004). Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious. J Virol, 78(5), 2426–2433. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.5.2426-2433.2004
Gao, Feng, Yalu Chen, David N. Levy, Joan A. Conway, Thomas B. Kepler, and Huxiong Hui. “Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious.J Virol 78, no. 5 (March 2004): 2426–33. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.5.2426-2433.2004.
Gao F, Chen Y, Levy DN, Conway JA, Kepler TB, Hui H. Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2426–33.
Gao, Feng, et al. “Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious.J Virol, vol. 78, no. 5, Mar. 2004, pp. 2426–33. Pubmed, doi:10.1128/jvi.78.5.2426-2433.2004.
Gao F, Chen Y, Levy DN, Conway JA, Kepler TB, Hui H. Unselected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome are mostly nonsynonymous and often deleterious. J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2426–2433.

Published In

J Virol

DOI

ISSN

0022-538X

Publication Date

March 2004

Volume

78

Issue

5

Start / End Page

2426 / 2433

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virology
  • Sequence Deletion
  • Mutation
  • Mutagenesis
  • Lymphocytes
  • Kinetics
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Humans
  • Hela Cells
  • HeLa Cells