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Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Kaplan, SS; Ferrari, G; Wrin, T; Hellmann, NS; Tomaras, GD; Gryszowka, VE; Fiscus, SA; Weinhold, KJ; Hicks, CB
Published in: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
January 2005

Although suppression of HIV-1 RNA below the limit of detection is associated with optimal outcomes, many patients can maintain or increase their CD4(+) count for prolonged time periods in the presence of persistent low-level viremia. We followed seven patients with prolonged (>5 years) discordant CD4(+)/viral load (VL) responses on protease inhibitor (PI)-based highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) prospectively for 1 year to assess evolution of immune function, viral phenotype, replication capacity (RC), and resistance profile. Immune function was assessed by qualitative and quantitative measurement of cellular activation (CD38(+)HLA-DR(+) and CD38 antibodies bound per cell), and the interferon (IFN)-() ELISpot assay. Presence of syncytium-inducing (SI) or nonsyncytium-inducing (NSI) viral strains was determined by MT-2 cell culture. RC was measured by a modified rapid recombinant virus assay. The resistance profile was characterized by both genotypic and phenotypic analysis. Over the year of follow-up, IFN-() production to gag persisted, responses to other HIV antigens increased, and markers of cellular activation did not change. NSI virus predominated. The genotypic (GSS) and phenotypic (PSS) susceptibility scores remained stable. Evolution of RC was variable over the year of follow-up, but the RC of viruses remained well below that of wild-type clinical isolates. Thus, CD4(+)/VL discordance can be maintained for periods exceeding 5 years in some patients receiving PI-based HAART without significant evolution of HIV resistance.

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Published In

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses

DOI

ISSN

0889-2229

Publication Date

January 2005

Volume

21

Issue

1

Start / End Page

13 / 16

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virus Replication
  • Virology
  • Viremia
  • Viral Load
  • RNA, Viral
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Prospective Studies
  • Phenotype
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Longitudinal Studies
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Kaplan, S. S., Ferrari, G., Wrin, T., Hellmann, N. S., Tomaras, G. D., Gryszowka, V. E., … Hicks, C. B. (2005). Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 21(1), 13–16. https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2005.21.13
Kaplan, Susan S., Guido Ferrari, Terri Wrin, Nicholas S. Hellmann, Georgia D. Tomaras, Victoria E. Gryszowka, Susan A. Fiscus, Kent J. Weinhold, and Charles B. Hicks. “Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance.AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 21, no. 1 (January 2005): 13–16. https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2005.21.13.
Kaplan SS, Ferrari G, Wrin T, Hellmann NS, Tomaras GD, Gryszowka VE, et al. Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2005 Jan;21(1):13–6.
Kaplan, Susan S., et al. “Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance.AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, vol. 21, no. 1, Jan. 2005, pp. 13–16. Pubmed, doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.13.
Kaplan SS, Ferrari G, Wrin T, Hellmann NS, Tomaras GD, Gryszowka VE, Fiscus SA, Weinhold KJ, Hicks CB. Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2005 Jan;21(1):13–16.
Journal cover image

Published In

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses

DOI

ISSN

0889-2229

Publication Date

January 2005

Volume

21

Issue

1

Start / End Page

13 / 16

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Virus Replication
  • Virology
  • Viremia
  • Viral Load
  • RNA, Viral
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Prospective Studies
  • Phenotype
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Longitudinal Studies