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Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sah, R; Schwartz-Bloom, RD
Published in: J Neurosci
November 1, 1999

The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain is associated with several neurodegenerative conditions. ROS can affect ionic homeostasis leading to impaired neurotransmission. Here, we determined the ability of H(2)O(2), a membrane permeant ROS, to alter intraneuronal Cl(-), an important regulator of neuronal excitability. Real-time alterations in intracellular chloride, [Cl(-)]i, were measured with UV laser scanning confocal microscopy in hippocampal slices loaded with the cell-permeant form of 6-methoxy-N-ethylquinolium iodide (MEQ), a Cl(-)-sensitive fluorescent probe. In slices superfused with H(2)O(2) for 10 min, there was a significant decrease in MEQ fluorescence (elevation in [Cl(-)]i) in area CA1 pyramidal cell soma but not in interneurons located in stratum radiatum. Alterations in [Cl(-)]i induced by H(2)O(2) were prevented by the iron chelator deferoxamine and the vitamin E analog Trolox, suggesting the involvement of free radicals. The influx of Cl(-) probably occurred through the GABA-gated Cl(-) channel because the effects of H(2)O(2) were blocked by picrotoxin. In addition, HPLC analysis of the superfusates indicated that GABA and glutamate accumulated extracellularly after H(2)O(2) exposure. Excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists 2-amino-5-phoshopentanoic acid and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2, 3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide also attenuated the effect of H(2)O(2) on MEQ fluorescence. The changes in [Cl(-)]i induced by H(2)O(2) were Ca(2+)-dependent and Na(+)-independent. After exposure of slices to H(2)O(2), the ability of the GABA agonist muscimol to increase [Cl(-)]i was attenuated. Thus, ROS, like H(2)O(2), may impair transmembrane Cl(-) gradients and reduce inhibitory neurotransmission, further promoting neuronal damage in oxidative stress-related disease and in aging.

Duke Scholars

Published In

J Neurosci

DOI

EISSN

1529-2401

Publication Date

November 1, 1999

Volume

19

Issue

21

Start / End Page

9209 / 9217

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Tiagabine
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Quinoxalines
  • Quinolinium Compounds
  • Pyramidal Cells
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Nipecotic Acids
 

Citation

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MLA
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Sah, R., & Schwartz-Bloom, R. D. (1999). Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress. J Neurosci, 19(21), 9209–9217. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-21-09209.1999
Sah, R., and R. D. Schwartz-Bloom. “Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress.J Neurosci 19, no. 21 (November 1, 1999): 9209–17. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-21-09209.1999.
Sah, R., and R. D. Schwartz-Bloom. “Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress.J Neurosci, vol. 19, no. 21, Nov. 1999, pp. 9209–17. Pubmed, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-21-09209.1999.

Published In

J Neurosci

DOI

EISSN

1529-2401

Publication Date

November 1, 1999

Volume

19

Issue

21

Start / End Page

9209 / 9217

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Tiagabine
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Quinoxalines
  • Quinolinium Compounds
  • Pyramidal Cells
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Nipecotic Acids