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The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae)

Publication ,  Journal Article
Davis, CM; Roth, VL
Published in: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
2008

In mammals, ‘female-biased’ sexual size dimorphism (SSD), in which females are larger than males, is uncommon. In the present study, we examined Sylvilagus, a purported case of female-biased SSD, for evolutionary correlations among species between SSD, body-size, and life-history variables. We find that: (1) although most species are female-biased, the degree and direction of SSD vary more than was previously recognized and (2) the degree of SSD decreases with increasing body size. Hence, Sylvilagus provides a new example, unusual for a female-biased taxon, in which allometry for SSD is consistent with ‘Rensch’s Rule’. As a corollary to Rensch’s Rule, we observe that changes in SSD in Sylvilagus are typically associated with larger, more significant changes in males than females. Female-biased SSD could be produced by selection for larger females, smaller males, or both. Although larger female size may be related to high fecundity and the extremely rapid fetal and neonatal growth in Sylvilagus, we find little evidence for a correlation between SSD and various fecundity-related traits in among-species comparisons. Smaller male size may confer greater reproductive success through greater mobility and reduced energetic requirements. We propose that a suite of traits (i.e. female dispersion, large male home ranges, reduced aggression, and a promiscuous mating system) has favoured smaller males and thus influenced the evolution of SSD in cottontails. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/121419918/HTMLSTART

Duke Scholars

Published In

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

Publication Date

2008

Volume

95

Start / End Page

141 / 156

Related Subject Headings

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • 3104 Evolutionary biology
  • 06 Biological Sciences
 

Citation

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MLA
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Davis, C. M., & Roth, V. L. (2008). The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 95, 141–156.
Davis, C. M., and V. L. Roth. “The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae).” Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 95 (2008): 141–56.
Davis CM, Roth VL. The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2008;95:141–56.
Davis, C. M., and V. L. Roth. “The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae).” Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 95, 2008, pp. 141–56.
Davis CM, Roth VL. The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus, Leporidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2008;95:141–156.

Published In

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

Publication Date

2008

Volume

95

Start / End Page

141 / 156

Related Subject Headings

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • 3104 Evolutionary biology
  • 06 Biological Sciences