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Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study.

Publication ,  Journal Article
McClernon, FJ; Kollins, SH; Lutz, AM; Fitzgerald, DP; Murray, DW; Redman, C; Rose, JE
Published in: Psychopharmacology (Berl)
March 2008

RATIONALE: Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) smoke at higher rates than the general population; however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of overnight abstinence on withdrawal symptoms and cognitive performance in adult smokers with and without ADHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individuals smoking > or = 15 cigarettes per day were recruited from the community and underwent an evaluation to establish a diagnosis of ADHD (n = 12) or not (n = 14). Withdrawal symptoms, mood, craving, cognitive performance, and smoking cue reactivity were measured during two laboratory sessions-in a 'Satiated' condition participants smoked up to and during the session while in an 'Abstinent' condition, participants were required to be smoking abstinent overnight and remain abstinent during the session. RESULTS: The effects of abstinence on ADHD and non-ADHD smokers did not differ for withdrawal symptom severity, mood, craving or cue reactivity. Significant Group x Condition interactions were observed for measures of attention and response inhibition on the Conners' CPT. For reaction time (RT) variability and errors of commission, the ADHD group exhibited greater decrements in performance after overnight abstinence compared to the non-ADHD group. The effects of abstinence on other cognitive measures (e.g., rapid visual information processing task, cued Go/No-Go task) did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study is the first to systematically evaluate the effects of acute smoking abstinence in adult smokers diagnosed with ADHD. Individuals with the disorder may smoke at higher rates due to greater worsening of attention and response inhibition after abstinence.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

DOI

ISSN

0033-3158

Publication Date

March 2008

Volume

197

Issue

1

Start / End Page

95 / 105

Location

Germany

Related Subject Headings

  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Reaction Time
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Psychiatry
  • Pattern Recognition, Visual
  • Nicotine
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Motivation
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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McClernon, F. J., Kollins, S. H., Lutz, A. M., Fitzgerald, D. P., Murray, D. W., Redman, C., & Rose, J. E. (2008). Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 197(1), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-1009-3
McClernon, F Joseph, Scott H. Kollins, Avery M. Lutz, David P. Fitzgerald, Desiree W. Murray, Christina Redman, and Jed E. Rose. “Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study.Psychopharmacology (Berl) 197, no. 1 (March 2008): 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-1009-3.
McClernon FJ, Kollins SH, Lutz AM, Fitzgerald DP, Murray DW, Redman C, et al. Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 Mar;197(1):95–105.
McClernon, F. Joseph, et al. “Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study.Psychopharmacology (Berl), vol. 197, no. 1, Mar. 2008, pp. 95–105. Pubmed, doi:10.1007/s00213-007-1009-3.
McClernon FJ, Kollins SH, Lutz AM, Fitzgerald DP, Murray DW, Redman C, Rose JE. Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 Mar;197(1):95–105.
Journal cover image

Published In

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

DOI

ISSN

0033-3158

Publication Date

March 2008

Volume

197

Issue

1

Start / End Page

95 / 105

Location

Germany

Related Subject Headings

  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Reaction Time
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Psychiatry
  • Pattern Recognition, Visual
  • Nicotine
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Motivation