Current and future techniques of neuromodulation for bladder dysfunction.
Recent increase in the use of neuromodulation for the treatment of urinary urgency and frequency, urge incontinence, and nonobstructive urinary retention has coincided with improved knowledge of micturition physiology and concurrent technologic advances in nerve stimulation. Currently, the most common technology for bladder neuromodulation involves stimulation through the S3 foramen, or sacral neuromodulation, although other techniques of neuromodulation continue to be explored. Despite many advances in neuromodulation, the exact mechanism of action remains uncertain. Additionally, which patients will respond to neuromodulation remains unclear, and although there is a standard method for testing, this procedure is invasive and expensive. As we continue to improve patient selection criteria and better understand the mechanism of action, the efficacy and patient satisfaction should continue to increase. Currently, most patients considered for implantation with a neuromodulator are those unresponsive to other conservative treatments for bladder dysfunction.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Urology & Nephrology
- Urination Disorders
- Urinary Retention
- Urinary Incontinence, Stress
- Urinary Bladder
- Treatment Outcome
- Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Risk Assessment
- Prognosis
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Urology & Nephrology
- Urination Disorders
- Urinary Retention
- Urinary Incontinence, Stress
- Urinary Bladder
- Treatment Outcome
- Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Risk Assessment
- Prognosis