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Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Hasselblad, V; Allen, AS
Published in: Stat Med
June 30, 2003

Several statistical methods can be used to test for differences in placebo-controlled dichotomous multi-arm studies. These tests include linear and quadratic trends, Dunnett's test, Hochberg's test, and the overall chi-square test. We computed the power of these tests under a wide variety of alternatives. For two arms versus a control, the power was computed exactly. For more than two arms, the power was calculated from 100000 simulations per alternative. Against monotonic alternatives, the linear trend test tended to be superior. Against convex alternatives, the quadratic trend test tended to be superior. Against general alternatives, Dunnett's test, Hochberg's test, and the overall chi-square test were superior and had very similar power curves. The Hochberg test was generally less powerful than Dunnett's test but the difference was offset by its increased power to reject multiple hypotheses. These results remained nearly constant over a wide range of sample sizes, average event rates and average effect sizes.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Stat Med

DOI

ISSN

0277-6715

Publication Date

June 30, 2003

Volume

22

Issue

12

Start / End Page

1943 / 1954

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Stents
  • Statistics & Probability
  • Research Design
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Placebos
  • Peptides
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Humans
  • Eptifibatide
 

Citation

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Hasselblad, V., & Allen, A. S. (2003). Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes. Stat Med, 22(12), 1943–1954. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.1427
Hasselblad, Vic, and Andrew S. Allen. “Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes.Stat Med 22, no. 12 (June 30, 2003): 1943–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.1427.
Hasselblad V, Allen AS. Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes. Stat Med. 2003 Jun 30;22(12):1943–54.
Hasselblad, Vic, and Andrew S. Allen. “Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes.Stat Med, vol. 22, no. 12, June 2003, pp. 1943–54. Pubmed, doi:10.1002/sim.1427.
Hasselblad V, Allen AS. Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes. Stat Med. 2003 Jun 30;22(12):1943–1954.
Journal cover image

Published In

Stat Med

DOI

ISSN

0277-6715

Publication Date

June 30, 2003

Volume

22

Issue

12

Start / End Page

1943 / 1954

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Stents
  • Statistics & Probability
  • Research Design
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Placebos
  • Peptides
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Humans
  • Eptifibatide