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Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Smith, PJ; Blumenthal, JA; Babyak, MA; Craighead, L; Welsh-Bohmer, KA; Browndyke, JN; Strauman, TA; Sherwood, A
Published in: Hypertension
June 2010

High blood pressure increases the risks of stroke, dementia, and neurocognitive dysfunction. Although aerobic exercise and dietary modifications have been shown to reduce blood pressure, no randomized trials have examined the effects of aerobic exercise combined with dietary modification on neurocognitive functioning in individuals with high blood pressure (ie, prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension). As part of a larger investigation, 124 participants with elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 130 to 159 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure 85 to 99 mm Hg) who were sedentary and overweight or obese (body mass index: 25 to 40 kg/m(2)) were randomized to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet alone, DASH combined with a behavioral weight management program including exercise and caloric restriction, or a usual diet control group. Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tests of executive function-memory-learning and psychomotor speed at baseline and again after the 4-month intervention. Participants on the DASH diet combined with a behavioral weight management program exhibited greater improvements in executive function-memory-learning (Cohen's D=0.562; P=0.008) and psychomotor speed (Cohen's D=0.480; P=0.023), and DASH diet alone participants exhibited better psychomotor speed (Cohen's D=0.440; P=0.036) compared with the usual diet control. Neurocognitive improvements appeared to be mediated by increased aerobic fitness and weight loss. Also, participants with greater intima-medial thickness and higher systolic blood pressure showed greater improvements in executive function-memory-learning in the group on the DASH diet combined with a behavioral weight management program. In conclusion, combining aerobic exercise with the DASH diet and caloric restriction improves neurocognitive function among sedentary and overweight/obese individuals with prehypertension and hypertension.

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Published In

Hypertension

DOI

EISSN

1524-4563

Publication Date

June 2010

Volume

55

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1331 / 1338

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Treatment Outcome
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Risk Assessment
  • Reference Values
  • Quality of Life
  • Probability
  • Overweight
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
 

Citation

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Smith, P. J., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M. A., Craighead, L., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Browndyke, J. N., … Sherwood, A. (2010). Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure. Hypertension, 55(6), 1331–1338. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.146795
Smith, Patrick J., James A. Blumenthal, Michael A. Babyak, Linda Craighead, Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer, Jeffrey N. Browndyke, Timothy A. Strauman, and Andrew Sherwood. “Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.Hypertension 55, no. 6 (June 2010): 1331–38. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.146795.
Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Craighead L, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Browndyke JN, et al. Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure. Hypertension. 2010 Jun;55(6):1331–8.
Smith, Patrick J., et al. “Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.Hypertension, vol. 55, no. 6, June 2010, pp. 1331–38. Pubmed, doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.146795.
Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Craighead L, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Browndyke JN, Strauman TA, Sherwood A. Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure. Hypertension. 2010 Jun;55(6):1331–1338.

Published In

Hypertension

DOI

EISSN

1524-4563

Publication Date

June 2010

Volume

55

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1331 / 1338

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Treatment Outcome
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Risk Assessment
  • Reference Values
  • Quality of Life
  • Probability
  • Overweight
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Male