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A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia)

Publication ,  Journal Article
Tapia, PM; Fritz, SC; Baker, PA; Seltzer, GO; Dunbar, RB
Published in: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
May 15, 2003

A composite high-resolution diatom stratigraphy from three piston cores and one box-core in the deep sub-basin of Lake Titicaca reveals large moisture variations during the past 30 kyr in the Altiplano region. Diatom sequences indicate orbital and millennial-scale variability in water level and salinity. The pelagic freshwater diatom species Cyclotella andina and Cyclotella stelligera dominate Glacial-age sediments, suggesting that the lake was above its present outlet, Generally, wet conditions continued until 11 000 cal yr BP, as indicated by high percentages of freshwater planktonic diatoms. Large pulses of benthic diatom species between about 11 000 and 10 000 cal yr BP suggest brief intervals of large-amplitude declines in lake level. During the early Holocene (10 000-8500 cal yr BP), a freshwater diatom assemblage suggests overflowing conditions. Pelagic freshwater diatoms are replaced ca, 8500 cal yr BP by the salinity-indifferent species Cyclotella meneghiniana and by benthic taxa, indicating the beginning of lake regression. During the mid-Holocene (6000-3500 cal yr BP), the abundance of the saline taxon Chaetoceros muelleri, coupled with high abundances of epiphytic and epipelic diatoms, indicates maximum salinity and lowest lake levels in the entire 30 000 year record. Lake transgression began ca. 4000 cal yr BP, and the lake achieved modern levels by about 1500 cal yr BP. These water-level changes imply changes in effective moisture, most likely resulting from large precipitation changes. Precipitation was high throughout the Last Glacial Maximum (21 000-18 000 cal yr BP), likely due to an enhanced South American Summer Monsoon during peak summer insolation in the Southern Hemisphere. In contrast, the mid-Holocene transition was dryer than today in association with an austral summer insolation minimum and the subsequent weakening of the summer monsoon. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

DOI

ISSN

0031-0182

Publication Date

May 15, 2003

Volume

194

Issue

1-3

Start / End Page

139 / 164

Related Subject Headings

  • Paleontology
  • 4301 Archaeology
  • 3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience
  • 0603 Evolutionary Biology
  • 0602 Ecology
  • 0403 Geology
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Tapia, P. M., Fritz, S. C., Baker, P. A., Seltzer, G. O., & Dunbar, R. B. (2003). A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 194(1–3), 139–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00275-X
Tapia, P. M., S. C. Fritz, P. A. Baker, G. O. Seltzer, and R. B. Dunbar. “A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia).” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 194, no. 1–3 (May 15, 2003): 139–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00275-X.
Tapia PM, Fritz SC, Baker PA, Seltzer GO, Dunbar RB. A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2003 May 15;194(1–3):139–64.
Tapia, P. M., et al. “A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia).” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 194, no. 1–3, May 2003, pp. 139–64. Scopus, doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00275-X.
Tapia PM, Fritz SC, Baker PA, Seltzer GO, Dunbar RB. A late quaternary diatom record of tropical climatic history from Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2003 May 15;194(1–3):139–164.
Journal cover image

Published In

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

DOI

ISSN

0031-0182

Publication Date

May 15, 2003

Volume

194

Issue

1-3

Start / End Page

139 / 164

Related Subject Headings

  • Paleontology
  • 4301 Archaeology
  • 3709 Physical geography and environmental geoscience
  • 0603 Evolutionary Biology
  • 0602 Ecology
  • 0403 Geology