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Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Mahaffey, KW; Tonev, ST; Spinler, SA; Levine, GN; Gallo, R; Ducas, J; Goodman, SG; Antman, EM; Becker, RC; Langer, A; White, HD; Aylward, PE ...
Published in: Int J Cardiol
March 4, 2010

BACKGROUND: Obese patients are at increased risk of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We evaluated the prevalence of obesity in a large ACS population, as well as the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the use of cardiac medications and procedures, clinical outcomes, and treatment effects between enoxaparin and unfractionated heparin (UFH). METHODS: Using the database of the SYNERGY trial, we identified 9978 patients in 12 countries who were randomly assigned to receive enoxaparin or UFH. Patient weight at baseline and 30-day follow-up was recorded. BMI information was available on 9837 patients. BMI was analyzed in clinically meaningful categories (<20, 20-25, 30-35, > or =35 kg/m(2)) and as a continuous variable. RESULTS: Thirty-two percent of patients were obese (BMI> or =30), with a greater proportion of patients with obesity from North America (36%) compared with other regions. Enoxaparin was dosed as 1 mg/kg regardless of body weight without maximum. The first dose of enoxaparin was underdosed in 15% of patients assigned enoxaparin, and obese patients were more likely to be underdosed than non-obese patients. Obese patients were younger, less often white, had more diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure but fewer strokes, less peripheral vascular disease, and less often smoked. After adjustment, increased BMI was not an independent predictor of bleeding outcomes or 30-day death/myocardial infarction (MI), but increased BMI was predictive of lower 1-year mortality in the subgroup of patients with BMI at baseline below approximately 30 kg/m(2). No statistical interaction term was observed between obesity and randomized therapy for the outcomes of death/MI at 30 days and 6 months; death at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year; and GUSTO or TIMI bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one third of patients in SYNERGY were obese. Despite multiple comorbidities, obese patients had better unadjusted short- and long-term outcomes. After adjustment, higher BMI was not an independent predictor of in-hospital bleeding events or 30-day death/MI, but increased BMI was an independent predictor of 1-year mortality in patients with lower BMI but not in heavier patients. No interaction between the randomized treatment and obesity for efficacy and safety outcomes was observed across the range of BMI in this dataset. Standard dosing of enoxaparin should be used in patients without extreme obesity due to limited outcome data in these patients.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Int J Cardiol

DOI

EISSN

1874-1754

Publication Date

March 4, 2010

Volume

139

Issue

2

Start / End Page

123 / 133

Location

Netherlands

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Obesity
  • Myocardial Revascularization
  • Multicenter Studies as Topic
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans
 

Citation

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Mahaffey, K. W., Tonev, S. T., Spinler, S. A., Levine, G. N., Gallo, R., Ducas, J., … SYNERGY Trial Investigators, . (2010). Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial. Int J Cardiol, 139(2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.10.008
Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Simon T. Tonev, Sarah A. Spinler, Glenn N. Levine, Richard Gallo, John Ducas, Shaun G. Goodman, et al. “Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial.Int J Cardiol 139, no. 2 (March 4, 2010): 123–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.10.008.
Mahaffey KW, Tonev ST, Spinler SA, Levine GN, Gallo R, Ducas J, et al. Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial. Int J Cardiol. 2010 Mar 4;139(2):123–33.
Mahaffey, Kenneth W., et al. “Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial.Int J Cardiol, vol. 139, no. 2, Mar. 2010, pp. 123–33. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.10.008.
Mahaffey KW, Tonev ST, Spinler SA, Levine GN, Gallo R, Ducas J, Goodman SG, Antman EM, Becker RC, Langer A, White HD, Aylward PE, Col JJ, Ferguson JJ, Califf RM, SYNERGY Trial Investigators. Obesity in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: results from the SYNERGY trial. Int J Cardiol. 2010 Mar 4;139(2):123–133.
Journal cover image

Published In

Int J Cardiol

DOI

EISSN

1874-1754

Publication Date

March 4, 2010

Volume

139

Issue

2

Start / End Page

123 / 133

Location

Netherlands

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Obesity
  • Myocardial Revascularization
  • Multicenter Studies as Topic
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Humans