Roles of ATM and NBS1 in chromatin structure modulation and DNA double-strand break repair.
We developed a novel system to create DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at defined endogenous sites in the human genome, and used this system to detect protein recruitment and loss at and around these breaks by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The detection of human ATM protein at site-specific DSBs required functional NBS1 protein, ATM kinase activity and ATM autophosphorylation on Ser 1981. DSB formation led to the localized disruption of nucleosomes, a process that depended on both functional NBS1 and ATM. These two proteins were also required for efficient recruitment of the repair cofactor XRCC4 to DSBs, and for efficient DSB repair. These results demonstrate the functional importance of ATM kinase activity and phosphorylation in the response to DSBs, and support a model in which ordered chromatin structure changes that occur after DNA breakage depend on functional NBS1 and ATM, and facilitate DNA DSB repair.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- Phosphorylation
- Nucleosomes
- Nuclear Proteins
- Humans
- Developmental Biology
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- DNA Repair
- DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- Phosphorylation
- Nucleosomes
- Nuclear Proteins
- Humans
- Developmental Biology
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- DNA Repair
- DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded