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Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Sledge, D; Yen, J; Morton, T; Dishaw, L; Petro, A; Donerly, S; Linney, E; Levin, ED
Published in: Neurotoxicol Teratol
2011

Developmental exposure of rats to the pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) causes persistent neurobehavioral impairment. In a parallel series of studies with zebrafish, we have also found persisting behavioral dysfunction after developmental CPF exposure. We have developed a battery of measures of zebrafish behavior, which are reliable and sensitive to toxicant-induced damage. This study determined the critical duration of developmental CPF exposure for causing persisting neurobehavioral effects. Tests of sensorimotor response (tap startle response and habituation), stress response (novel tank diving test) and learning (3-chamber tank spatial discrimination) were conducted with adult zebrafish after early developmental CPF exposure. The CPF exposure level was 100 ng/ml with durations of 0-1, 0-2, 0-3, 0-4 and 0-5 days after fertilization. Developmental CPF exposure had persisting behavioral effects in zebrafish tested as adults. In the tactile startle test, CPF exposed fish showed decreased habituation to startle and a trend toward increased overall startle response. In the novel tank exploration test, exposed fish showed decreased escape diving response and increased swimming activity. In the 3-chamber learning test, the 0-5 day CPF exposure group had a significantly lower learning rate. There was evidence for persisting declines in brain dopamine and norepinepherine levels after developmental CPF exposure. In all of the measures the clearest persistent effects were seen in fish exposed for the full duration of five days after fertilization. In a follow-up experiment there were some indications for persisting behavioral effects after exposure during only the later phase of this developmental window. This study demonstrated the selective long-term neurobehavioral alterations caused by exposure to CPF in zebrafish. The zebrafish model can facilitate the determination of the molecular mechanisms underlying long-term neurobehavioral impairment after developmental toxicant exposure.

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Published In

Neurotoxicol Teratol

DOI

EISSN

1872-9738

Publication Date

2011

Volume

33

Issue

6

Start / End Page

742 / 751

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Zebrafish
  • Toxicology
  • Time Factors
  • Reflex, Startle
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes
  • Learning
  • Environmental Exposure
  • Embryonic Development
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian
  • Disease Models, Animal
 

Citation

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Sledge, D., Yen, J., Morton, T., Dishaw, L., Petro, A., Donerly, S., … Levin, E. D. (2011). Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 33(6), 742–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2011.06.005
Sledge, Damiyon, Jerry Yen, Terrell Morton, Laura Dishaw, Ann Petro, Susan Donerly, Elwood Linney, and Edward D. Levin. “Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity.Neurotoxicol Teratol 33, no. 6 (2011): 742–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2011.06.005.
Sledge D, Yen J, Morton T, Dishaw L, Petro A, Donerly S, et al. Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2011;33(6):742–51.
Sledge, Damiyon, et al. “Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity.Neurotoxicol Teratol, vol. 33, no. 6, 2011, pp. 742–51. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2011.06.005.
Sledge D, Yen J, Morton T, Dishaw L, Petro A, Donerly S, Linney E, Levin ED. Critical duration of exposure for developmental chlorpyrifos-induced neurobehavioral toxicity. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2011;33(6):742–751.
Journal cover image

Published In

Neurotoxicol Teratol

DOI

EISSN

1872-9738

Publication Date

2011

Volume

33

Issue

6

Start / End Page

742 / 751

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Zebrafish
  • Toxicology
  • Time Factors
  • Reflex, Startle
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes
  • Learning
  • Environmental Exposure
  • Embryonic Development
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian
  • Disease Models, Animal