Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection despite prior immunization with a recombinant envelope vaccine regimen.
With efforts underway to develop a preventive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine, it remains unclear which immune responses are sufficient to protect against infection and whether prior HIV-1 immunity can alter the subsequent course of HIV-1 infection. We investigated these issues in the context of a volunteer who received six HIV-1LAI envelope immunizations and 10 weeks thereafter acquired HIV-1 infection through a high-risk sexual exposure. In contrast to nonvaccinated acutely infected individuals, anamnestic HIV-1-specific B- and T-cell responses appeared within 3 weeks in this individual, and neutralizing antibody preceded CD8+ cytotoxic responses. Despite an asymptomatic course and an initial low level of detectable infectious virus, a progressive CD4+ cell decline and dysfunction occurred within 2 years. Although vaccination elicited immunity to HIV-1 envelope, which was recalled upon HIV-1 exposure, it was insufficient to prevent infection and subsequent immunodeficiency.
Duke Scholars
Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Vaccines, Synthetic
- Time Factors
- T-Lymphocytes
- Smallpox Vaccine
- Risk-Taking
- Protein Precursors
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Male
- Humans
- Homosexuality, Male
Citation
Published In
DOI
ISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Vaccines, Synthetic
- Time Factors
- T-Lymphocytes
- Smallpox Vaccine
- Risk-Taking
- Protein Precursors
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Male
- Humans
- Homosexuality, Male