Transcranial magnetic stimulation coil with electronically switchable active and sham modes.
Blinded studies with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) require a valid sham condition. A wide range of sham approaches have been implemented but they have various limitations including residual electric field in the brain, inadequate reproduction of auditory and cutaneous sensations, and/or need for electrical stimulation with scalp electrodes. We propose a quadrupole TMS coil configuration that can be electronically switched between active and sham modes. In active mode, the quadrupole coil has electric field characteristics similar to a conventional figure-8 coil. In sham mode, the quadrupole coil compared to the reverse-current sham figure-8 coil has 50% less electric field penetration depth, is 97% more focal, produces 35% less intense field in the brain, and induces scalp electric field characteristics closer to those of active TMS.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Reproducibility of Results
- Equipment Failure Analysis
- Equipment Design
- Electronics, Medical
- Computer-Aided Design
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Reproducibility of Results
- Equipment Failure Analysis
- Equipment Design
- Electronics, Medical
- Computer-Aided Design