Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future.
Publication
, Journal Article
Darnall, BD; Suarez, EC
Published in: Brain Behav Immun
July 2009
To date, research suggests that sex and gender impact pathways central to the foci of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI). This review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research. Gender and sexually dimorphic pathways may have synergistic effects on health differences in men and women. We provide an overview of the literature of sex and gender differences in brain structure and function, sex steroids, gender role identification, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, genetics, immunology and cytokine response. Specific examples shed light on the importance of attending to sex and gender methodology in PNI research and recommendations are provided.
Duke Scholars
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Published In
Brain Behav Immun
DOI
EISSN
1090-2139
Publication Date
July 2009
Volume
23
Issue
5
Start / End Page
595 / 604
Location
Netherlands
Related Subject Headings
- Women's Health
- United States
- Social Change
- Sleep
- Sex Characteristics
- Research Design
- Research
- Psychoneuroimmunology
- Pituitary-Adrenal System
- Neurology & Neurosurgery
Citation
APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Darnall, B. D., & Suarez, E. C. (2009). Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future. Brain Behav Immun, 23(5), 595–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.019
Darnall, Beth D., and Edward C. Suarez. “Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future.” Brain Behav Immun 23, no. 5 (July 2009): 595–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.019.
Darnall BD, Suarez EC. Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future. Brain Behav Immun. 2009 Jul;23(5):595–604.
Darnall, Beth D., and Edward C. Suarez. “Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future.” Brain Behav Immun, vol. 23, no. 5, July 2009, pp. 595–604. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.019.
Darnall BD, Suarez EC. Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future. Brain Behav Immun. 2009 Jul;23(5):595–604.
Published In
Brain Behav Immun
DOI
EISSN
1090-2139
Publication Date
July 2009
Volume
23
Issue
5
Start / End Page
595 / 604
Location
Netherlands
Related Subject Headings
- Women's Health
- United States
- Social Change
- Sleep
- Sex Characteristics
- Research Design
- Research
- Psychoneuroimmunology
- Pituitary-Adrenal System
- Neurology & Neurosurgery