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Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Fouda, GG; Mahlokozera, T; Salazar-Gonzalez, JF; Salazar, MG; Learn, G; Kumar, SB; Dennison, SM; Russell, E; Rizzolo, K; Jaeger, F; Cai, F ...
Published in: Retrovirology
January 10, 2013

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is a leading cause of infant HIV-1 infection in the developing world, yet only a minority of infants exposed to HIV-1 via breastfeeding become infected. As a genetic bottleneck severely restricts the number of postnatally-transmitted variants, genetic or phenotypic properties of the virus Envelope (Env) could be important for the establishment of infant infection. We examined the efficiency of virologic functions required for initiation of infection in the gastrointestinal tract and the neutralization sensitivity of HIV-1 Env variants isolated from milk of three postnatally-transmitting mothers (n = 13 viruses), five clinically-matched nontransmitting mothers (n = 16 viruses), and seven postnatally-infected infants (n = 7 postnatally-transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses). RESULTS: There was no difference in the efficiency of epithelial cell interactions between Env virus variants from the breast milk of transmitting and nontransmitting mothers. Moreover, there was similar efficiency of DC-mediated trans-infection, CCR5-usage, target cell fusion, and infectivity between HIV-1 Env-pseudoviruses from nontransmitting mothers and postnatal T/F viruses. Milk Env-pseudoviruses were generally sensitive to neutralization by autologous maternal plasma and resistant to breast milk neutralization. Infant T/F Env-pseudoviruses were equally sensitive to neutralization by broadly-neutralizing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies as compared to nontransmitted breast milk Env variants. CONCLUSION: Postnatally-T/F Env variants do not appear to possess a superior ability to interact with and cross a mucosal barrier or an exceptional resistance to neutralization that define their capability to initiate infection across the infant gastrointestinal tract in the setting of preexisting maternal antibodies.

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Published In

Retrovirology

DOI

EISSN

1742-4690

Publication Date

January 10, 2013

Volume

10

Start / End Page

3

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Virology
  • Viral Load
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA
  • Phylogeny
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Milk, Human
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
  • Infant
  • Humans
 

Citation

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Fouda, G. G., Mahlokozera, T., Salazar-Gonzalez, J. F., Salazar, M. G., Learn, G., Kumar, S. B., … Permar, S. R. (2013). Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants. Retrovirology, 10, 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-10-3
Fouda, Genevieve G., Tatenda Mahlokozera, Jesus F. Salazar-Gonzalez, Maria G. Salazar, Gerald Learn, Surender B. Kumar, S Moses Dennison, et al. “Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants.Retrovirology 10 (January 10, 2013): 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-10-3.
Fouda GG, Mahlokozera T, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Salazar MG, Learn G, Kumar SB, et al. Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants. Retrovirology. 2013 Jan 10;10:3.
Fouda, Genevieve G., et al. “Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants.Retrovirology, vol. 10, Jan. 2013, p. 3. Pubmed, doi:10.1186/1742-4690-10-3.
Fouda GG, Mahlokozera T, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Salazar MG, Learn G, Kumar SB, Dennison SM, Russell E, Rizzolo K, Jaeger F, Cai F, Vandergrift NA, Gao F, Hahn B, Shaw GM, Ochsenbauer C, Swanstrom R, Meshnick S, Mwapasa V, Kalilani L, Fiscus S, Montefiori D, Haynes B, Kwiek J, Alam SM, Permar SR. Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants. Retrovirology. 2013 Jan 10;10:3.
Journal cover image

Published In

Retrovirology

DOI

EISSN

1742-4690

Publication Date

January 10, 2013

Volume

10

Start / End Page

3

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Virology
  • Viral Load
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA
  • Phylogeny
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Milk, Human
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
  • Infant
  • Humans